Download G6 - CIRCUIT COMPONENTS [3 exam question

G6 - CIRCUIT COMPONENTS
[3 exam question - 3 groups]
G6A Resistors; capacitors; inductors
G6B Rectifiers; solid state diodes and transistors; solar cells;
vacuum tubes; batteries
G6C Analog and digital integrated circuits (IC's);
microprocessors; memory; I/O devices; microwave IC's
(MMIC's ); display devices
1
Cicuit Components
Resistor Ratings
2
Cicuit Components
G6A Resistors
•If
the temperature of a carbon resistor is
increased, the resistance will change depending on the
resistor’s temperature coefficient rating
•The
main disadvantage of using conventional
wire-wound resistors in a resonant circuit is the
resistor’s inductance could detune the circuit
A thermistor is a device having a controlled change in
resistance with temperature variations
•
3
Cicuit Components
G6A Capacitors
•An
electrolytic type of capacitor is often used in
power-supply circuits to filter the rectified AC
•The primary advantage of ceramic capacitors is
the comparatively low cost
•An advantage of an electrolytic capacitor is the
high capacity for given volume
•One effect of lead inductance in a capacitor used
at VHF and above is effective capacitance may be
induced
4
Cicuit Components
G6A Capacitors cont’d
The common name for a capacitor connected
across a transformer secondary that is used to
absorb transient voltage spikes is a Suppressor
capacitor
5
Cicuit Components
G6A Inductors
* The advantage of using a ferrite core with a
toroidal inductor are:
* Large values of inductance may be obtained
* The magnetic properties of the core may be
optimized for a specific range of frequencies
* Most of the magnetic field is contained in the
core
* Two solenoid inductors should be placed with
their winding axes at right angles to each other
to minimize their mutual inductance
6
Cicuit Components
G 6A Inductors cont’d
•It
might be important to minimize the mutual
inductance between two inductors to reduce or
eliminate unwanted coupling
•An effect of inter-turn capacitance in an inductor
is the inductor may become self resonant at some
frequencies
•The common name for an inductor used to help
smooth the DC output from the rectifier in a
conventional power supply is a Filter choke
7
Cicuit Components
G6A01 What will happen to the resistance if
the temperature of a carbon resistor is
increased?
A. It will increase by 20% for every 10 degrees centigrade
B. It will stay the same
C. It will change depending on the resistor's temperature
coefficient rating
D. It will become time dependent
8
Cicuit Components
G6A01 What will happen to the resistance if
the temperature of a carbon resistor is
increased?
A. It will increase by 20% for every 10 degrees centigrade
B. It will stay the same
C.
It will change depending on the resistor's
temperature coefficient rating
D. It will become time dependent
9
Cicuit Components
G6A02 What type of capacitor is often used
in power-supply circuits to filter the rectified
AC?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Disc ceramic
Vacuum variable
Mica
Electrolytic
10
Cicuit Components
G6A02 What type of capacitor is often used
in power-supply circuits to filter the rectified
AC?
A. Disc ceramic
B. Vacuum variable
C. Mica
D.
Electrolytic
11
Cicuit Components
G6A03 Which of the following is the primary
advantage of ceramic capacitors?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Tight tolerance
High stability
High capacitance for given volume
Comparatively low cost
12
Cicuit Components
G6A03 Which of the following is the primary
advantage of ceramic capacitors?
A. Tight tolerance
B. High stability
C. High capacitance for given volume
D.
Comparatively low cost
13
Cicuit Components
G6A04 Which of the following is an
advantage of an electrolytic capacitor?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Tight tolerance
Non-polarized
High capacitance for given volume
Inexpensive RF capacitor
14
Cicuit Components
G6A04 Which of the following is an
advantage of an electrolytic capacitor?
A. Tight tolerance
B. Non-polarized
C.
High capacitance for given volume
D. Inexpensive RF capacitor
15
Cicuit Components
G6A05 Which of the following is one effect
of lead inductance in a capacitor used at VHF
and above?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Effective capacitance may be reduced
Voltage rating may be reduced
ESR may be reduced
The polarity of the capacitor might become reversed
16
Cicuit Components
G6A05 Which of the following is one effect
of lead inductance in a capacitor used at VHF
and above?
A.
Effective capacitance may be reduced
B. Voltage rating may be reduced
C. ESR may be reduced
D. The polarity of the capacitor might become reversed
17
Cicuit Components
G6A06 What is the main disadvantage of
using a conventional wire-wound resistor in
a resonant circuit?
A. The resistor's tolerance value would not be adequate for
such a circuit
B. The resistor's inductance could detune the circuit
C. The resistor could overheat
D. The resistor's internal capacitance would detune the circuit
18
Cicuit Components
G6A06 What is the main disadvantage of
using a conventional wire-wound resistor in
a resonant circuit?
A. The resistor's tolerance value would not be adequate for
such a circuit
B.
The resistor's inductance could detune the
circuit
C. The resistor could overheat
D. The resistor's internal capacitance would detune the circuit
19
Cicuit Components
G6A07 What is an advantage of using a
ferrite core with a toroidal inductor?
A. Large values of inductance may be obtained
B. The magnetic properties of the core may be optimized for a
specific range of frequencies
C. Most of the magnetic field is contained in the core
D. All of these choices are correct
20
Cicuit Components
G6A07 What is an advantage of using a
ferrite core with a toroidal inductor?
A. Large values of inductance may be obtained
B. The magnetic properties of the core may be optimized for a
specific range of frequencies
C. Most of the magnetic field is contained in the core
D.
All of these choices are correct
21
Cicuit Components
G6A08 How should two solenoid inductors
be placed so as to minimize their mutual
inductance?
A.
B.
C.
D.
In line with their winding axis
With their winding axes parallel to each other
With their winding axes at right angles to each another
Within the same shielded enclosure
22
Cicuit Components
G6A08 How should two solenoid inductors
be placed so as to minimize their mutual
inductance?
A. In line with their winding axis
B. With their winding axes parallel to each other
C.
With their winding axes at right angles to each
another
D. Within the same shielded enclosure
23
Cicuit Components
G6A09 Why might it be important to
minimize the mutual inductance between
two inductors?
A.
B.
C.
D.
To
To
To
To
increase the energy transfer between both circuits
reduce or eliminate unwanted coupling
reduce conducted emissions
increase the self-resonant frequency of both inductors
24
Cicuit Components
G6A09 Why might it be important to
minimize the mutual inductance between
two inductors?
A. To increase the energy transfer between both circuits
B.
To reduce or eliminate unwanted coupling
C. To reduce conducted emissions
D. To increase the self-resonant frequency of both inductors
25
Cicuit Components
G6A10 What is an effect of inter-turn
capacitance in an inductor?
A. The magnetic field may become inverted
B. The inductor may become self resonant at some
frequencies
C. The permeability will increase
D. The voltage rating may be exceeded
26
Cicuit Components
G6A10 What is an effect of inter-turn
capacitance in an inductor?
A. The magnetic field may become inverted
B.
The inductor may become self resonant at some
frequencies
C. The permeability will increase
D. The voltage rating may be exceeded
27
Cicuit Components
G6A11 What is the common name for a
capacitor connected across a transformer
secondary that is used to absorb transient
voltage spikes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Clipper capacitor
Trimmer capacitor
Feedback capacitor
Suppressor capacitor
28
Cicuit Components
G6A11 What is the common name for a
capacitor connected across a transformer
secondary that is used to absorb transient
voltage spikes?
A. Clipper capacitor
B. Trimmer capacitor
C. Feedback capacitor
D.
Suppressor capacitor
29
Cicuit Components
G6A12 What is the common name for an
inductor used to help smooth the DC output
from the rectifier in a conventional power
supply?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Back EMF choke
Repulsion coil
Charging inductor
Filter choke
30
Cicuit Components
G6A12 What is the common name for an
inductor used to help smooth the DC output
from the rectifier in a conventional power
supply?
A. Back EMF choke
B. Repulsion coil
C. Charging inductor
D.
Filter choke
31
Cicuit Components
G6A13 What type of component is a
thermistor?
A. A resistor that is resistant to changes in value with
temperature variations
B. A device having a controlled change in resistance with
temperature variations
C. A special type of transistor for use at very cold
temperatures
D. A capacitor that changes value with temperature
32
Cicuit Components
G6A13 What type of component is a
thermistor?
A. A resistor that is resistant to changes in value with
temperature variations
B.
A device having a controlled change in
resistance with temperature variations
C. A special type of transistor for use at very cold
temperatures
D. A capacitor that changes value with temperature
33
Cicuit Components
G6B Rectifiers and Solid state diodes
•
•
•
The peak-inverse-voltage rating of a rectifier is the
maximum voltage the rectifier will handle in the nonconducting direction
The two major ratings that must not be exceeded
for silicon-diode rectifiers are Peak inverse Voltage and
Average Forward Current
When two more diodes are connected in parallel to
increase current handling capacity, the purpose of
the resistor connected in series with each diode is to
ensure that the diode doesn’t carry most of the current
34
Cicuit Components
G6B Resistors cont’d
•
The approximate junction threshold voltage of a
germanium diode is 0.3 volts
•
The approximate junction threshold voltage of a
silicon diode is 0.7 volts
•
An advantage of using a Schottky diode in an RF
switching circuit as compared to a standard silicon
diode lower capacitance
35
Cicuit Components
G6B Transistors
•
•
•
•
The stable operating points for a bipolar transistor
that is used as a switch in a logic circuit are the
transistor’s saturation and cut-off regions
It is often necessary to insulate the case of a large
power transistor to avoid shortening the collector or
drain voltage ground
In the construction of a MOSFET the gate is separated
from the channel with a thin insulating layer
A Field Effect Transistor (FET) is a solid state device
and is most like a vacuum tube in its general
characteristics
36
Cicuit Components
G6B Vacuum tubes
•
The Control Grid element of a triode vacuum tube is
used to regulate the flow of electrons between cathode
and plate
•
The primary purpose of a screen grid in a vacuum
tube is to reduce grid-to-plate capacitance
37
Cicuit Components
G6B Batteries; Solar Cells
•
•
•
•
An advantage of the low internal resistance of
Nickel Cadmium batteries is high discharge current
The minimum allowable discharge voltage for
maximum life of a standard 12 volt lead acid
battery 10.5 volts
It is never acceptable to recharge a carbon-zinc primary
cell
A nickel Metal Hydride is a rechargeable battery
38
Cicuit Components
G6B01 What is the peak-inverse-voltage
rating of a rectifier?
A. The maximum voltage the rectifier will handle in the
conducting direction
B. 1.4 times the AC frequency
C. The maximum voltage the rectifier will handle in the nonconducting direction
D. 2.8 times the AC frequency
39
Cicuit Components
G6B01 What is the peak-inverse-voltage
rating of a rectifier?
A. The maximum voltage the rectifier will handle in the
conducting direction
B. 1.4 times the AC frequency
C.
The maximum voltage the rectifier will handle
in the non-conducting direction
D. 2.8 times the AC frequency
40
Cicuit Components
G6B02 What are the two major ratings that
must not be exceeded for silicon-diode
rectifiers?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Peak inverse voltage; average forward current
Average power; average voltage
Capacitive reactance; avalanche voltage
Peak load impedance; peak voltage
41
Cicuit Components
G6B02 What are the two major ratings that
must not be exceeded for silicon-diode
rectifiers?
A.
Peak inverse voltage; average forward current
B. Average power; average voltage
C. Capacitive reactance; avalanche voltage
D. Peak load impedance; peak voltage
42
Cicuit Components
G6B03 What is the approximate junction
threshold voltage of a germanium diode?
A.
B.
C.
D.
0.1
0.3
0.7
1.0
volt
volts
volts
volts
43
Cicuit Components
G6B03 What is the approximate junction
threshold voltage of a germanium diode?
A. 0.1 volt
B.
0.3 volts
C. 0.7 volts
D. 1.0 volts
44
Cicuit Components
G6B04 When two or more diodes are
connected in parallel to increase current
handling capacity, what is the purpose of the
resistor connected in series with each diode?
A. The resistors
supply
B. The resistors
C. The resistors
the current
D. The resistors
ensure the thermal stability of the power
regulate the power supply output voltage
ensure that one diode doesn't carry most of
act as swamping resistors in the circuit
45
Cicuit Components
G6B04 When two or more diodes are
connected in parallel to increase current
handling capacity, what is the purpose of the
resistor connected in series with each diode?
A. The resistors ensure the thermal stability of the power
supply
B. The resistors regulate the power supply output voltage
C.
The resistors ensure that one diode doesn't
carry most of the current
D. The resistors act as swamping resistors in the circuit
46
Cicuit Components
G6B05 What is the approximate junction
threshold voltage of a silicon diode?
A.
B.
C.
D.
0.1
0.3
0.7
1.0
volt
volts
volts
volts
47
Cicuit Components
G6B05 What is the approximate junction
threshold voltage of a silicon diode?
A. 0.1 volt
B. 0.3 volts
C.
0.7 volts
D. 1.0 volts
48
Cicuit Components
G6B06 Which of the following is an
advantage of using a Schottky diode in an RF
switching circuit as compared to a standard
silicon diode?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Lower capacitance
Lower inductance
Longer switching times
Higher breakdown voltage
49
Cicuit Components
G6B06 Which of the following is an
advantage of using a Schottky diode in an RF
switching circuit as compared to a standard
silicon diode?
A.
Lower capacitance
B. Lower inductance
C. Longer switching times
D. Higher breakdown voltage
50
Cicuit Components
G6B07 What are the stable operating points
for a bipolar transistor that is used as a
switch in a logic circuit?
A. Its saturation and cut-off regions
B. Its active region (between the cut-off and saturation
regions)
C. Between its peak and valley current points
D. Between its enhancement and deletion modes
51
Cicuit Components
G6B07 What are the stable operating points
for a bipolar transistor that is used as a
switch in a logic circuit?
A.
Its saturation and cut-off regions
B. Its active region (between the cut-off and saturation
regions)
C. Between its peak and valley current points
D. Between its enhancement and deletion modes
52
Cicuit Components
G6B08 Why is it often necessary to insulate
the case of a large power transistor?
A.
B.
C.
D.
To
To
To
To
increase the beta of the transistor
improve the power dissipation capability
reduce stray capacitance
avoid shorting the collector or drain voltage to ground
53
Cicuit Components
G6B08 Why is it often necessary to insulate
the case of a large power transistor?
A. To increase the beta of the transistor
B. To improve the power dissipation capability
C. To reduce stray capacitance
D.
To avoid shorting the collector or drain voltage
to ground
54
Cicuit Components
G6B09 Which of the following describes the
construction of a MOSFET?
A. The gate is formed by a back-biased junction
B. The gate is separated from the channel with a thin
insulating layer
C. The source is separated from the drain by a thin insulating
later
D. The source is formed by depositing metal on silicon
55
Cicuit Components
G6B09 Which of the following describes the
construction of a MOSFET?
A. The gate is formed by a back-biased junction
B.
The gate is separated from the channel with a
thin insulating layer
C. The source is separated from the drain by a thin insulating
later
D. The source is formed by depositing metal on silicon
56
Cicuit Components
G6B10 Which element of a triode vacuum
tube is used to regulate the flow of electrons
between cathode and plate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Control grid
Heater
Screen Grid
Suppressor grid
57
Cicuit Components
G6B10 Which element of a triode vacuum
tube is used to regulate the flow of electrons
between cathode and plate?
A.
Control grid
B. Heater
C. Screen Grid
D. Suppressor grid
58
Cicuit Components
G6B11 Which of the following solid state
devices is most like a vacuum tube in its
general characteristics?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A bipolar transistor
An FET
A tunnel diode
A varistor
59
Cicuit Components
G6B11 Which of the following solid state
devices is most like a vacuum tube in its
general characteristics?
A. A bipolar transistor
B.
An FET
C. A tunnel diode
D. A varistor
60
Cicuit Components
G6B12 What is the primary purpose of a
screen grid in a vacuum tube?
A.
B.
C.
D.
To
To
To
To
reduce grid-to-plate capacitance
increase efficiency
increase the high frequency response
decrease plate resistance
61
Cicuit Components
G6B12 What is the primary purpose of a
screen grid in a vacuum tube?
A.
To reduce grid-to-plate capacitance
B. To increase efficiency
C. To increase the high frequency response
D. To decrease plate resistance
62
Cicuit Components
G6B13 What is an advantage of the low
internal resistance of Nickel Cadmium
batteries?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Long life
High discharge current
High voltage
Rapid recharge
63
Cicuit Components
G6B13 What is an advantage of the low
internal resistance of Nickel Cadmium
batteries?
A. Long life
B.
High discharge current
C. High voltage
D. Rapid recharge
64
Cicuit Components
G6B14 What is the minimum allowable
discharge voltage for maximum life of a
standard 12 volt lead acid battery?
A.
B.
C.
D.
6 volts
8.5 volts
10.5 volts
12 volts
65
Cicuit Components
G6B14 What is the minimum allowable
discharge voltage for maximum life of a
standard 12 volt lead acid battery?
A. 6 volts
B. 8.5 volts
C.
10.5 volts
D. 12 volts
66
Cicuit Components
G6B15 When is it acceptable to recharge a
carbon-zinc primary cell?
A. As long as the voltage has not been allowed to drop below
1.0 volt
B. When the cell is kept warm during the recharging period
C. When a constant current charger is used
D. Never
67
Cicuit Components
G6B15 When is it acceptable to recharge a
carbon-zinc primary cell?
A. As long as the voltage has not been allowed to drop below
1.0 volt
B. When the cell is kept warm during the recharging period
C. When a constant current charger is used
D.
Never
68
Cicuit Components
G6B16 Which of the following is a
rechargeable battery?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Carbon-zinc
Silver oxide
Nickel Metal Hydride
Mercury
69
Cicuit Components
C6C Analog and digital integrated circuits
(IC’s)
•
•
•
•
Linear voltage regulator is an analog integrated circuit
An operational amplifier is an analog type integrated
circuit
CMOS is the most commonly used digital logic family
of integrated circuits
An advantage of CMOS Logic integrated circuits
compared to TTL logic circuits is the low power
consumption
70
Cicuit Components
G6C Microprocessors, Memory & I/O Devices
•
•
A microprocessor is a miniature computer on a single
integrated circuit chip
Memory
•
•
•
Read Only Memory ( ROM)
When memory is characterized as “non-volatile” the stored
information is maintained even if power is removed
I/O devices – a computer and transceiver are two
devices in an amateur radio station that might be
connected using a USB interface
71
Cicuit Components
G6C Microwave IC’s and Display devices
•
Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC)
•
Display devices
•
•
•
One disadvantage of an incandescent indicator compared
to a LED is the high power consumption
An LED is Forward Biased when emitting light
A liquid crystal display requires ambient or back light
72
Cicuit Components
G6C01 Which of the following is most often
provided as an analog integrated circuit?
A.
B.
C.
D.
NAND Gate
Gallium Arsenide UHF Receiver "front end" Amplifier
Frequency Counter
Linear voltage regulator
73
Cicuit Components
G6C01 Which of the following is most often
provided as an analog integrated circuit?
A. NAND Gate
B. Gallium Arsenide UHF Receiver "front end" Amplifier
C. Frequency Counter
D.
Linear voltage regulator
74
Cicuit Components
G6C02 Which of the following is the most
commonly used digital logic family of
integrated circuits?
A.
B.
C.
D.
RTL
TTL
CMOS
PMOS
75
Cicuit Components
G6C02 Which of the following is the most
commonly used digital logic family of
integrated circuits?
A. RTL
B. TTL
C.
CMOS
D. PMOS
76
Cicuit Components
G6C03 Which of the following is an
advantage of CMOS Logic integrated circuits
compared to TTL logic circuits?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Low power consumption
High power handling capability
Better suited for RF amplification
Better suited for power supply regulation
77
Cicuit Components
G6C03 Which of the following is an
advantage of CMOS Logic integrated circuits
compared to TTL logic circuits?
A.
Low power consumption
B. High power handling capability
C. Better suited for RF amplification
D. Better suited for power supply regulation
78
Cicuit Components
G6C04 What is meant by the term ROM?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Resistor Operated Memory
Read Only Memory
Random Operational Memory
Resistant to Overload Memory
79
Cicuit Components
G6C04 What is meant by the term ROM?
A. Resistor Operated Memory
B.
Read Only Memory
C. Random Operational Memory
D. Resistant to Overload Memory
80
Cicuit Components
G6C05 What is meant when memory is
characterized as "non-volatile"?
A. It is resistant to radiation damage
B. It is resistant to high temperatures
C. The stored information is maintained even if power is
removed
D. The stored information cannot be changed once written
81
Cicuit Components
G6C05 What is meant when memory is
characterized as "non-volatile"?
A. It is resistant to radiation damage
B. It is resistant to high temperatures
C.
The stored information is maintained even if
power is removed
D. The stored information cannot be changed once written
82
Cicuit Components
G6C06 Which type of integrated circuit is an
operational amplifier?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Digital
MMIC
Programmable
Analog
83
Cicuit Components
G6C06 Which type of integrated circuit is an
operational amplifier?
A. Digital
B. MMIC
C. Programmable
D.
Analog
84
Cicuit Components
G6C07 What is one disadvantage of an
incandescent indicator compared to a LED?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Low power consumption
High speed
Long life
High power consumption
85
Cicuit Components
G6C07 What is one disadvantage of an
incandescent indicator compared to a LED?
A. Low power consumption
B. High speed
C. Long life
D.
High power consumption
86
Cicuit Components
G6C08 How is an LED biased when emitting
light?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Beyond cutoff
At the Zener voltage
Reverse Biased
Forward Biased
87
Cicuit Components
G6C08 How is an LED biased when emitting
light?
A. Beyond cutoff
B. At the Zener voltage
C. Reverse Biased
D.
Forward Biased
88
Cicuit Components
G6B16 Which of the following is a
rechargeable battery?
A. Carbon-zinc
B. Silver oxide
C.
Nickel Metal Hydride
D. Mercury
89
Cicuit Components
G6C09 Which of the following is a
characteristic of a liquid crystal display?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It requires ambient or back lighting
It offers a wide dynamic range
It has a wide viewing angle
All of these choices are correct
90
Cicuit Components
G6C09 Which of the following is a
characteristic of a liquid crystal display?
A.
It requires ambient or back lighting
B. It offers a wide dynamic range
C. It has a wide viewing angle
D. All of these choices are correct
91
Cicuit Components
G6C10 What is meant by the term MMIC?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Multi Megabyte Integrated Circuit
Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit
Military-specification Manufactured Integrated Circuit
Mode Modulated Integrated Circuit
92
Cicuit Components
G6C10 What is meant by the term MMIC?
A. Multi Megabyte Integrated Circuit
B.
Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit
C. Military-specification Manufactured Integrated Circuit
D. Mode Modulated Integrated Circuit
93
Cicuit Components
G6C11 What is a microprocessor?
A. A low powered analog signal processor used as a
microwave detector
B. A miniature computer on a single integrated circuit chip
C. A microwave detector, amplifier, and local oscillator on a
chip
D. A low voltage amplifier used in a microwave transmitter
modulator stage
94
Cicuit Components
G6C11 What is a microprocessor?
A. A low powered analog signal processor used as a
microwave detector
B.
A miniature computer on a single integrated
circuit chip
C. A microwave detector, amplifier, and local oscillator on a
chip
D. A low voltage amplifier used in a microwave transmitter
modulator stage
95
Cicuit Components
G6C12 What two devices in an amateur
radio station might be connected using a
USB interface?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Computer and transceiver
Microphone and transceiver
Amplifier and antenna
Power supply and amplifier
96
Cicuit Components
G6C12 What two devices in an amateur
radio station might be connected using a
USB interface?
A.
Computer and transceiver
B. Microphone and transceiver
C. Amplifier and antenna
D. Power supply and amplifier
97
Cicuit Components
G6 - CIRCUIT COMPONENTS
[3 exam question - 3 groups]
98
Cicuit Components