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What’s What and Why Everything you ever wanted to know about the 11 parts of speech but were too afraid to ask By Ray Thompson Nouns • Definition: person, place, thing, idea • Examples: teacher, house, chair • Two types: proper, common • Proper: a specific person, place, or thing • Examples: Nicole, France, Chevy • Common: any person, place, or thing • Examples: girl, country, car Pronouns • Definition: a word that takes the place of a noun • Examples: my, him, her • Antecedent: the noun for which a pronoun stands • Personal: the person speaking, spoken to, or spoken about Pronouns, ctd. • Demonstrative: stands for a specific person, place, or thing • Relative: begins a subordinate clause and connects it to another idea in the same sentence • Interrogative: used to begin questions • What, which, whom, whose • Indefinite: stands for people, places, and things without specifying which ones • Anybody, somebody, much, neither, no one Action Verbs • Definition: tells what action someone or something is performing • Examples: jump, fly, run • An infinitive is the “to” form of a verb Helping Verb • Definition: a word placed before verbs to help the main verb • Examples: will, was, can • The helping verbs: • Forms of “be” • Am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being • The three triples • May, might, must, have, has had, do, did, does Helping Verbs, ctd. (The helping verbs) • The final six • Can, could, will, would, shall, should • Not is NOT a verb! • A helping verb may not be right next to the main verb Linking Verb • Definition: connects a subject with a word that identifies or describes that word • Examples: am, is, are • Some linking verbs: • Forms of “to be” • Am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being • Other • Become, feel, seem, appear, grow, remain, stay, look, smell, taste sound, turn Adjectives • Definition: a word that modifies or describes a noun • Examples: excellent, imperative, beautiful • Example sentences: • The tall girl had long, pretty, red hair. • Dylan had brown hair, green eyes, and a big smile. Articles • Definition: definite—refers to a specific noun • Definition: indefinite: refers to any noun • Examples: an, a, the Adverbs • Definition: a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb • Examples: always, not, too • Usually end in “-ly” • Describe: • How ,where, when, in what way, to what extent Conjunctions • Definition: connects words or groups of words • Examples: and, or, but • Coordinating: connect words or phrases of the same kind. Way to remember: FANBOYS • For And Nor But Or Yet So Conjunctions, ctd. • Correlative: same as coordinating, but used in pairs • Examples: both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor • Subordinating: connect two ideas, making one dependent on the other. • Examples: after, although, because, since, when, until, while, if, as, before, even though Prepositions • Definition: relates the noun or pronoun following it to another word • Examples: about, during, also • Unnecessary part of a sentence. • Anywhere a cat can go… • On, to, from, over, of, into, beside, with, in, after, at, before Interjections • Definition: expresses feeling or emotion and functions independently from sentence • Separated from sentence by either comma or exclamation point • Examples: • Oh, I guess you can go if you want to. • Wow! A new bicycle! Parts of Speech Videos • http://english8room103.wikispac es.com/Sources