Download Present Simple

PRESENT
SIMPLE
Form and Usage
Present Simple: Form
 Positive
sentences:
Don‘t forget the „-s“ for he, she, it
add -s: works, likes, drinks, sells
 add -es when verb finishes with a Zischlaut:
wash > washes, mix > mixes, pass > passes
 Add -ies when verb finishes with a consonant + y:

try > tries, fly > flies, study > studies
(but vowel+y: buy > buys, enjoy > enjoys, stay > stays)
Present Simple: Form

Negative sentences:
We need the auxiliary verb ‚do‘ to form negative sentences
in the present.
I like chocolate. > I don‘t like chocolate.
He walks home. > He doesn‘t walk home.
(he/she/it = doesn‘t!)
The auxiliary verb does the job!! The main
verb can stay in the infinitive!
She doesn‘t walks home.
Present Simple: Form

Questions
We need the auxiliary verb ‚do‘ to form questions in the present.
You like chocolate. > Do you like chocolate?
He walks home. > Does he walk home?
They stay here. > Why do they stay here? How long do they stay here?
(he/she/it = does!)
The auxiliary verb does the job!! The main
verb can stay in the infinitive!
Does she walks home?
Present Simple: Don‘t forget!
Don‘t forget that modal verbs (can, should, might,
will, must etc.) and the verb ‚to be‘ don‘t need
an auxiliary verb.
I am a student. > I am not a student (I‘m not…)
He‘s very flexible. > He isn‘t very flexible.
They should be here. > They shouldn‘t be here.
You are lazy. > Are you lazy?
She is at home already. > Is she at home already?
You can do this alone. > Can you do this alone?
Present Simple: Usage
We use the present simple to express…
 permanent situations

Coca Cola is one of the most successful companies in
the world.
 routines

and frequency / habits
I play tennis every Tuesday.
 facts

The earth circles around the sun.
 programmes

and timetables
The train leaves at 5pm and the meeting starts at 7am
the next day.
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
Form and Usage
Present Continuous: Form
The present continuous is formed with the
auxiliary verb ‚to be‘ and the –ing form of the
main verb


You do your homework. > You are doing your homework.
He drinks a coffee. > He‘s drinking a coffee.
It can be made negative by adding ‚not‘


You‘re not doing your homework.
He isn‘t drinking a coffee.
It can be turned into a question by inversion
 Are you doing your homework?
 Is he drinking a coffee?
Present Continuous: the –ing form
 most verbs:
 work > working, do > doing, sell > selling
 verbs that end in –e:
 make > making, hope > hoping, drive > driving
 verbs that end in –ie:
 lie > lying, die > dying
 verbs that end in one vowel + one
 run > running, stop > stopping, hit > hitting
consonant:
Present Continous: Usage
We use the present continous to talk about…

something happening at or around the moment of speaking


current situations/projects and temporary situations



Our company is starting to expand to Asian countries.
fixed arrangements in the future


He‘s setting up his new business in Mexico.
She‘s dealing with Jane‘s customers, because Jane‘s sick.
slow changes


Wait a second! I‘m making a phone call!
I am meeting Mary next Tuesday.
when describing a picture / a scene

The man in the background is wearing a blue tie.
Present Continous: Don‘t forget
So-called stative (or state) verbs are usually not used in
the continous form!
Senses: hear, look like, see, taste, smell
Feelings: love, hate, like, prefer, wish
Thinking/Opinion: believe, understand, think, know, forget, agree
Possession: belong to, contain, have, own
Being / Wanting: be, exist, want
Others: cost, depend, mean, need
 They are not used in the continuous form, because they
describe a state and not an action.
Simple vs. Continuous
So... What would you prefer? Discuss!

or:


or:

The earth turns around the sun.
The earth is turning around the sun.
You are such an idiot.
You are being such an idiot.
Simple vs. Continuous
So... What is correct here? Discuss!

or:


or:
Each morning he’s reading the newspaper.
Each morning he reads the newspaper.
Sarah comes from New Zealand.

Sarah is coming from New Zealand.

I enjoy holidays so much.

Mmmmmm... I’ m enjoying every minute of my holidays.

She’s having a child

She has a child.
or:
or: