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used in place of a noun pronoun expresses an action, a condition, or a state of being verb the word that the pronoun substitutes antecedent names a person, place, thing, or idea noun modifies a noun or pronoun adjective shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in a sentence preposition modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb adverb word or phrase that expresses a feeling interjection connects words or groups of words conjunction Identify the part of speech for the underlined word. Michael Phelps, the swimmer, is the most successful Olympic athlete of all time. Noun Both “Micheal Phelps” and “swimmer” are nouns. What is the difference between them? Michael Phelps, the swimmer, is the most successful Olympic athlete of all time. Michael Phelps is a proper noun and should be capitalized. Swimmer is a common noun and is not capitalized. Identify the part of speech of the underlined word. Michael Phelps slowly shook his head after losing his first race at the 2012 London Olympics. Adverb: Adverbs are words that modify a verb (He drove slowly. — How did he drive?) an adjective (He drove a very fast car. — How fast was his car?) another adverb (She moved quite slowly down the aisle. — How slowly did she move?) As we will see, adverbs often tell when, where, why, or under what conditions something happens or happened. Adverbs frequently end in –ly. Identify the part of speech of the underlined word. The amazing Paul McCartney sang “Hey Jude” during the opening ceremonies of the Olympics. Adjective: Adjectives are words that describe or modify another person or thing in the sentence. The Articles — a, an, and the — are adjectives. Identify the part of speech of the underlined word. The United States women’s soccer team wins gold, beating Japan. Verb: Verbs carry the idea of being or action in the sentence. I am a student. The students passed all their courses.