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Noun—person, place, thing, or idea Common Proper person........................worker……....Sally place............................store……...Wal-Mart thing...........................cereal………Cheerios idea............................peace……Christianity Noun collective nouns—general name of a group of animals, persons, or things convoy, crowd, jury, family, public, crew, herd, pride, swarm, team, club, orchestra We went to the store yesterday. Pronoun- takes the place of a noun or nouns personal pronoun- I, me, we, us, you, he, him, she, it, they, them possessive pronoun- my, mine, our, ours, your, yours his, her, hers, its, their, theirs He went to their house. Pronoun demonstrative pronoun – this, these, that, those reflexive pronoun -- personal pronoun ending in –self or –selves interrogative pronoun -- asks a question who, whom, whose, which, what indefinite pronoun – doesn’t always refer to a specific person, place, or thing any anybody anything both few many everybody everyone no one nothing neither some somebody someone something one Subject—what the sentence is about **Every sentence has a subject. **It’s always a noun or pronoun **Will have two color identifications (yellow or orange with a red line) (You) Go take out the trash. Mom will go home. Subject Verb-- expresses action or being of the subject action verb-- shows action physical action………jumping mental action………..thinking AV He kicked the ball. linking verb– links the subject to another part of the sentence am, is, are, was, were, shall be, will be, have been, has been, had been Verb LV She is beautiful. helping verb-- helps the main verb express action or being am is are was were be being been has have had can could do does did shall should will would **Always followed by an action verb or linking verb HV AV I have gone there. may might must Adjective-- describes a noun or pronoun article adjectives– a, an, the **Answers the questions: What kind? How much? The blue bike is wonderful. Adjective Which one? How many? Adverb-- describes an adjective, verb, or another adverb Sometimes end in -ly **Answers these questions: How? When? Where? How often? To what extent? The very quiet girls sang peacefully yesterday. Adverb Twenty most commonly used adverbs that do not end in -ly almost already also always ever forever here just least maybe more never not often seldom so still then very yet Preposition-- relates a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence These are in addition to the handout. aboard according to because of besides despite in front of instead of into out of till unto Prepositional phrase-- can be an adjective or adverb **object of the preposition is always a noun or pronoun **always begins with a preposition and ends with the object of the preposition The girl beside the goal skipped along the hiking trail. Preposition Conjunction-- joins nouns, verbs, phrases, and sentences coordinating conjunctions- FANBOYS for and nor but or yet so correlative conjunctions- both…and either…or neither…nor not only…but also con. Sam went to the store, but he forgot the list. con. Conjunction Interjection-- expresses feeling or emotion Ah Goodness Brr Oops Hey Whew Oh Wow **All are followed by a comma or exclamation point. int. Brr! It’s cold in here. int. Interjection Direct Object-- receives the action of the verb Answers the following questions: (verb) what? (verb) who? **Always follows an action verb **Always is a noun or pronoun. It will have two labels. AV DO We saw the fire. DO Direct Object Personal Pronoun Case Case Singular Pronouns Plural Pronouns Function in the Sentence Nominative (also called Subjective) I, you, she, he, it we, you, they subject or predicate nominative Objective me, you, her, him, it us, you, them direct object, indirect object, object of preposition Possessive my, mine, your, yours, her, hers, his its our, ours, your, yours, their, theirs replacement for possessive nouns Indirect Object-- tells to whom or for whom the action of the verb is done Answers the following questions: to whom? for whom? **Always comes before the direct object. **Always is a person (or something functioning like a person. It will have two labels. AV IO DO He gave her the dog. IO Indirect Object Predicate Nominative-- renames the subject **Always follows a linking verb. **Always is a noun or pronoun. It will have two labels. LV PN He was our teacher. PN Predicate Nominative Nominative Predicate Adjective-- adjective in the predicate part of the sentence which describes the subject **Always follows a linking verb. **Always identified as an adjective. It will have two labels. LV PA John was talented. PA Predicate Adjective Participle—verb ending in “ing” or “ed” acting like a noun **Describes a noun or pronoun ** It will have two labels. Par. My smiling teacher gave me ASD. Participle