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Tentative Unit 1 Schedule Week 2 1/20-Using library databases (bring computer to class) 1/22- Intro to Exploratory Narrative & Source evaluations Week 3 1/27-Research questions and results Minor Essay 1 Due 1/29-Strategies for introductions Week 4 2/3-Reflective writing and body paragraphs 2/5- Synthesizing sources &First Draft peer review Week 5 2/10- Strategies for conclusions & grammar 2/12-Editing, peer review, & unit 1 wrap up 2/15-Exploratory Narrative Due Creating sentences A subject and predicate are the bare minimum to form an independent clause in English An independent clause can stand on its own as a sentence or be combined with other clauses A dependent clause cannot stand on its own and must be combined with an independent clause to form a sentence. A dependent clause will often be part of a sentence or have a subordinating conjunction at its beginning Common Comma Usage If you do not know why a comma should be used in a particular place, do not add one! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Separate clauses (may require a conjunction) p. 372 List items in a series (p.375) Offset quotations (p. 379) Offset address Offset Introductory elements (p.370) Show non-restrictive elements (p. 373) Read 372-381 Common Sentence Structures Independent clause Ex: I went to the store Independent clause, (coordinating conjunction) independent clause Ex: I went to the store, and I stopped by the bank Note: when combining two independent clauses, a comma is not sufficient on its own. Common sentence structures Independent clause; independent clause Ex: I went to the store; we were running low on milk Note: don’t be scared of semicolons! They can join two independent clauses without a comma. Independent clause dependent clause Ex: I went to the store because we were running low on milk Dependent clause, independent clause Ex: Because we were low on milk, I went to the store Coordinate Conjunctions Coordinate conjunction: linking words use to join equal phrases or clauses Remember: FAN BOYS For And Nor But Or Yet So Examples I have never been to Australia but I have always wanted to go I didn’t want to admit defeat so I kept on going The scientist wasn’t sure about his theory and it showed in his presentation I have always wanted to play basketball but I am probably too short Items in a series A and B A, B, and/or C A, B Examples: I bought a soda hamburger and fries from McDonalds I went to the store mailed my bills and walked the dog I have never seen such a colorful elegant dress before Jason brought cups and napkins to the party Nonrestrictive Elements Comma usage: offset nonrestrictive elements Nonrestrictive elements: contain nonessential information that could be removed without significantly changing the meaning of a sentence. They will often provide extra information about the subject of the sentence. Her stepfather whom she disliked intensely was a deadbeat The three police officers who had just finished eating donuts arrived at the scene of the crime Common Prescriptive Grammar Rules: a) No double negation b) No splitting of infinitives/prepositions c) Who/whom distinction d) You and I/me distinctions e) Shall/will distinction Double Negation: You haven’t got no money 2. I didn’t see nothing 3. I ain’t never been there 1. Splitting Infinitives/Prepositions “To boldly go where no man has gone before” 2. Who are you speaking to? 3. She hopes to always win her games 4. Where are you travelling to? 1. Recognizing Subject/Object Form Subject form: works as the subject of the sentence or the person/place/thing that is ‘doing’ the verb or having its state described. Object form: used for the objects of prepositions or verbs. If there is a verb or preposition preceding the pronoun, you may have to use this form. Pronoun Subject form Object form 1st person I Me 2nd person You You 3rd person He/she Him/her Indefinite Who whom Who/whom Distinction Who/whom are you going to the dance with? 2. The doctor, who/whom my sister married, is very well respected 3. Who/whom is the leader of the gang? 4. To who/whom am I speaking? 1. You and I/me Distinctions Jamie and me went to the store 2. The shopkeeper gave the package to Marie and I 3. Between you and I, there is nothing so great as a relaxing day of fishing 4. Eunice agreed to go to the fair with Lana and I 1. Shall/will Distinction She shall/will never eat donuts again I shall/will do my homework as soon as I get home Jason shall/will graduate at the top of his class Common Prescriptive Rules: No double negation No splitting of infinitives/prepositions ‘Who’ is the subject form, and ‘whom’ is the object form The object form will be used when the word is the object (or receiver) of a verb or the object of a preposition The subject form will be used when that is the person performing the main verb of the sentence Excellent test for who/whom is to replace the word with ‘he’ or ‘him’. “he” is the subject form and correlates to ‘who’ while ‘him’ is the object form and correlates to ‘whom’ You and I/me distinctions Do not place words between prepositions and their modifiers or between an infinitival ‘to’ and its following verb Do not separate infinitives/prepositions from the accompanying verb/noun Common prepositions can be found on p. 193-194 of your EW Who/whom distinction Do not use more than one negative word in a single sentence. ‘I’ is the subject form and ‘me’ is the object form ‘You’ is both subject form and object form When combing first person (I), second person (you), and third person (he/she, James/Jill) into one noun phrase, they must go in the order: second person, third person, first person Ex: You, Jason, and I should go to the movies this weekend Shall/will distinction ‘Shall’ is always used with first person ‘Will’ is always used with second and third person Group Activity: Grammar Worksheet In your unit 1 groups Edit the sentences on the grammar worksheet based on our discussion in class and your previous knowledge of English grammar For each sentence, provide an explanation as to why you made a particular revision Because we have not had any grammar lessons previously, this assignment will be graded on thoroughness and effort Editing and Revision Two types of revision: Local revision: whenever you make changes to a text that affect only one or two sentences. Grammar and spelling revision usually falls into this category Local revisions should be focused on towards the end of the writing process, after global revisions or changes that affect the content of the essay Global revision: when a change in one part of your essay affects other parts of your essay Any changes to your thesis statement or thesis question will likely fall here Also includes changes to the main ideas of the essay, the structure, purpose, audience, and genre Changes to topic sentences and transitions also fall here You should be globally revising your essay throughout the writing process and certainly with every new draft. The most important revisions Editing and Revision At this point in the development of our essays (since we have gone through our first draft and completed all sources and the conclusion), we can begin to focus on local revisions as well as global revisions Local Check MLA format and citations Look out for sentence level grammatical issues, such as comma usage, incorrect words, etc Global: Focus on new source entries (4 through 6) Evaluate thesis question & results Evaluate conclusion (does it sum up the research findings? How does it leave the reader with something memorable?) Group Activity: Second Draft Peer Review In groups of 2 students (choose someone other than your last peer review partner) Exchange the second draft of your Exploratory Narrative and answer the questions below. Make sure to share the answers with your peer reviewee before turning them in. 1. What is your reaction to the student’s introduction? Does it sufficiently grab your interest 2. What is the student’s research question? (take this directly from the text) Is this research question clear and open? 3. How would you evaluate the sources that have been found for the essay? Are they credible and current? Do they examine the issue from multiple perspectives? Are these properly documented on the Works Cited page? 4. How would you evaluate the critical thinking and reflection in the body paragraphs of the essay? Does the student sufficiently evaluate each source from multiple perspectives? 5. What is your reaction to the student’s conclusion? What is the student’s final answer to their research question? Does the writer leave the reader with something memorable? 6. Identify at least one positive, strong element of the essay and explain why you feel it is strong. Then identify one area of the essay that you feel needs improvement and how it could be improved Homework Review grammar material (by Monday)in EW if necessary 3-17 318-339, 385-395 340-354 Revise and refine your exploratory narratives to reach a final version for submission next Thursday (due 2/19) Submit exploratory narrative second draft to Turnitin.com Password: 4English (case sensitive) Class ID U64:9537889