Download Principal Parts of Verbs

Principal Parts
of Verbs &
Verb Phrases
Verb phrase
A
verb phrase consists of a main verb and
at least one helping verb:
 Examples:
I
have never heard Kanye West sing.
 The student should have arrived by now.
Principle Parts of a Verb
Present
Present
Participle
Past
Past Participle
wash
(is)washing
washed
(have) washed
dance
(is)dancing
danced
(have) danced
laugh
(is)laughing
laughed
(have)laughed
A regular verb forms its past and past participle by adding –d or –ed.
Irregular verbs
Present (base)
Present
Participle
Past
Past Participle
sing
singing
sang
(have) sung
hear
hearing
heard
(have)heard
hurt
hurting
hurt
(have)hurt
An irregular verb forms its past and past participle in some other way
than by adding –d or –ed to the present or base form.
Lie vs. Lay
 The
verb lie (not as in to say something false)generally
means “to recline” or “to be in place” :
Lie does not take a direct object.
 Example: You lie on the reading rug.
 *You are doing the action and there is no
direct object.
 The verb lay generally means “to put
(something) down” or “place(something)”
 Example: Lay down your pencils.
 Lay usually takes a direct object- lay refers
to the pencils.
Sit vs. Set
 The
verb sit means “to be seated” or “to
rest” :
Sit usually does not take a direct object.
 Example: You sit on the reading rug.
 *You are doing the action and there is no
direct object.
 The verb set generally means “to put
(something) in place”
 Example: Set down your books quietly.
Set usually takes a direct object- set refers to
the books.
Rise vs. Raise
The verb rise means “to go up” or “to get up” :
Rise does not take a direct object.
 Example: Sofia rises to deliver her monologue.
 *Sofia is doing the action and there is no direct
object.
 The verb raise generally means “to lift
(something)up” or “to cause something to rise”
 Example: Poldi is raising his hand to speak.
Raise usually takes a direct object- raise refers to
his hand.

Transitive Verbs
A
transitive verb is an action verb that
takes an object:
 Example:
words.
Niyah studied the vocabulary
Doer
Transitive verb
Receiver(direct
object)
Niyah
studied
vocabulary words
Intransitive Verbs
A
intransitive verb is a verb that does not take an
object (no receiver):
 Example:
The class laughed, but Mrs. Edwards
only glared.
Doer
intransitive verb
Receiver(direct
object)
class
laughed
no receiver
Mrs. Edwards
glared
no receiver