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Crazy Clauses • “Independent clauses are as important as quadratic equations and more important than the Pythagorean theorem.” • I will learn to identify and use a range of clauses. Give the meaning of each of these words. In each case, give one word or short phrase. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Dilapidated Distinctive Fortunate Sinister Vulnerable Resembling Can you work out what these words mean based on the context? 1. Because Gerrard was an ailurophile, he owned ten cats. 2. Whilst walking in the Cameron Highlands, he looked to the sky and had an epiphany. 3. As a result of her dancing career, Grandma Mary was very lithe. 4. The sloth moves with such languor you can barely see it. 5. Curley’s Wife is very evocative. Types of clauses • ...are based on the word classes. So let’s make sure we know them! The 8 word classes This word class is the name of Nouns something. This word class tells you where Prepositions something is. This word class is a collection Verbs of doing words. This word class replaces the Pronouns name of something This word class is made up of small Determiners words which help the noun. This word class describes the Adverbs doing words. This word class describes a Adjectives noun. This word class isConnectives a set of signals. This word class is the name of Nouns something. This word class tells you where Prepositions something is. This word class is a collection Verbs of doing words. This word class replaces the Pronouns name of something This word class is made up of small Determiners words which help the noun. This word class describes the Adverbs doing words. This word class describes a Adjectives noun. This word class isConnectives a set of signals. Quick fire quiz: which word class does ‘light’ belong to in these sentences? • • • • This is a light suitcase I always travel light Have you got a light? Light my fire. • Remember, words from open classes can change their class. Spotting word classes in a sentence: top tips! • Adjectives and adverbs can always be deleted and the sentence will still make sense. • Verbs can have ‘to’ in front of them: to run, to be. • Substitute words for more familiar ones to help you identify them. • A determiner comes with a noun. • A pronoun replaces a noun. • A connective can come in the middle of a sentence. The Titanic The Titanic sank in 1912 and many people froze in the Atlantic. Women and children were allowed to leave first and wealthy people were given priority. Try to label each word with its word class. Let’s sort the clauses! • Relative clauses (Adjective clauses) (Extends info about a noun) • Adverbial clauses (extends info about a verb) • Noun clauses (extends info about the noun) • Prepositional clauses (starts with a preposition)