Download DIRECT INDIRECT SPEECH

ADJECTIVES
&
ADVERBS
Adjectives are words which say something more about
a noun.
Adjectives normally precede the nouns they modify, or
follow linking verbs. Adjectives modify only nouns, pronouns
and linking verbs.
Kinds of Adjectives
1. Demonstrative: this, that (singular), these, those (plural)
Examples:
- This/that exhibition will be open until the
end of November.
- These/those people come from that hotel over
there.
2. Distributive: each, every, either, neither
Examples:
- Each student should had in the assignment
- Neither statement is true
3. Quantitative: some, any, no, little/few, many, much,
one, twenty.
Examples:
- No work was done
- There was little time for consultation
- Few towns have such splendid trees
- He didn’t make many mistakes
- This group consists of twenty students
4. Interrogative: which, what, whose, who
Examples:
- which pigeon arrived first?
- what country do you come from?
- whose umbrella did you borrow?
- who keeps the keys?
5. Possessive: my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
Examples:
- A happy dog wags its tail
- She changed her shoes
- Tom’s father is his father
- Tree drop their leaves in autumn
6. Of Quality: clever, dry, fat, golden, good, heavy,
square
Examples:
- He is a clever workman
- The day was nice and dry
Both present participle(ing) and past particle (ed) can be
used as adjectives.
Examples:
- The play was boring. (present participle)
- The idea sounds interesting. (present participle)
- Everyone was surprised that he passed the
examination. (past participle)
- I was disappointed with the film. (past participle)
Position of Adjectives
a. Adjectives of demonstrative, distributive, quantitative,
interrogative and possessive come before their nouns.
Examples:
- This book is mine
- Every human being should fulfill her/his basic needs.
- I bought some stamps yesterday
- My niece plays the piano very well
b. Adjectives of quality, however, can come either before
their nouns of after a verb.
Examples:
- He is a rich man
- Tom felt cold
Adverbs modify verbs (except linking verbs)
Adverbs can also modify adjectives and other adverbs.
Example: That idea is simply ridiculous
Kinds of Adverbs
1. Adv of Manner: tell us how something happens.
There are usually placed after the main verb or after
object
bravely, fast, happily, hard, quickly, well
Examples:
- She quickly left the room.
- He swims well
# Suffix-ly is the most common suffix that changes
adjectives into adverbs. #
2. Adv of Place: tell us where something happens. They are
usually placed after the main verb or after the object.
away, everywhere, here, nowhere, somewhere, there,
outside
examples:
- I looked everywhere (after the main verb)
- They took the child outside (after the object)
3. Adv of Time: tell us when an action happened, but also for
how long, and how often.
afterwards, eventually, lately, now, recently, soon, then,
today, tomorrow
Examples:
- The ship will arrive tomorrow
- They were recently married
4. Adv of Frequency: always, continually, frequently,
occasionally, often, once, twice, periodically, repeatedly,
sometimes, usually, ever, hardly ever, never, rarely,
scarcely ever, seldom
Examples:
- He is always in time for meals
- They sometimes stay up all night
- He can never understand
5. Adv of Degree: tell us about the intensity or degree of an
action, an adjective or another adverb.
almost, nearly, quite, just, too, enough, hardly, scarcely,
completely, very, extremely.
Examples:
- It hardly rained at all last summer
- She sings well enough
Exception
Particularly for verbs like look, be, seem, appear,
sound, feel, smell, and taste should be followed by
adjectives NOT adverbs.
Examples:
Your father looks angry
That picture is beautiful
The problem appeared impossible.
My skin feels rough
However, the word Look can also be followed by an
adverb if this word is used with a preposition such as at,
back, into, out , of, round or through
Example:
- He is looking at you angrily (adjective)