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CS 314 Operating Systems Welcome to CS314 Operating Systems A Quick Tour for Introduction to OS Department of Computer Science Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Spring, 2016 Dr. Hiroshi Fujinoki E-mail: [email protected] OS_Intro/001 CS 314 Operating Systems Presentation Agenda What is Operating System? Why do we need Operating Systems? ( = Why not just application programming?) What kinds of Operating Systems exist? What are we going to learn in this course? What are we NOT going to learn in this class? OS_Intro/002 CS 314 Operating Systems What is Operating System? (1) A middleman between you (as a user) and computer hardware You (or your program) command! Why not? • You (yes, you) have to know how to directly control hardware Computer Hardware OS_Intro/003 CS 314 Operating Systems What is Operating System? (1) A middleman between you (as a user) and computer hardware You need to manage: everything such as Controller chips Assembly language and more ... Computer Hardware OS_Intro/004 CS 314 Operating Systems What is Operating System? (1) A middleman between you (as a user) and computer hardware You (or your program) command! OS is the software that directly control hardware As high-level commands (e.g. “READ My_File.txt”) OS Low-level commands Computer Hardware OS_Intro/005 “Read Sectors 1E to 4F” CS 314 Operating Systems What is Operating System (continued)? (2) The government in your computer (the agent that allocate resources) Program A Program B Request resources Request resources A Computer CPU Network Memory Disk Keyboard Request resources Program C OS_Intro/006 Etc. Request resources Program D CS 314 Operating Systems If you DO have an OS … Program A Program B Program C OS CPU Network Memory Disk Keyboard OS_Intro/007 Etc. Program D CS 314 Operating Systems What is Operating System (continued)? (2) The government in your computer (the agent that allocate resources) Another User You (or your program) command! • Computer hardware can not be shared by more than one user (or more than one program) Computer Hardware OS_Intro/008 If the resource being used is printer, the output will be gibberish! CS 314 Operating Systems What is Operating System (continued)? (2) The government in your computer (the agent that allocate resources) You (or your program) command! Another User “print” OS Manage (serialize) I/O requests from users Computer Hardware OS_Intro/009 CS 314 Operating Systems The three-layer structure in a computer system High-level commands Low-level Commands (Assembly Routines) You (as a user) APIs (System Calls) Application Programs Operating System Computer Hardware OS_Intro/010 CS 314 Operating Systems Summary for “What is Operating System” (1) OS is the software that directly control hardware (2) OS is a middleman between you (as a user) and computer hardware that hides details of hardware OS provides “hardware abstraction” (3) OS is the government in your computer (the agent that allocate resources) OS provides “resource management” in your computer OS_Intro/011 CS 314 Operating Systems What kinds of Operating Systems exist? › General Purpose OS: – UNIX, MS-DOS, Windows, Be-OS › Network OS: – Novell Netware, NFS, Windows-NT › Embedded OS: – TRON (I-TRON - Univ. of Tokyo) › Real-time OS: – RxDOS (Computer Wave) › Special Purpose (e.g., for super computers): – AIX (UNIX for Deep Blue, ASCI White) – IRIX (UNIX for Render Farm) › Research prototypes: – Amoebas (U. of Amsterdam), EROS (U. of Pennsylvania) OS_Intro/012 CS 314 Operating Systems What is this course about? • Identifying major components in modern operating systems • Understand the purpose of each OS component • Understand how each OS component works • Performance analysis for different implementations of an OS component • Survey for advanced operating systems What is this course NOT about? • How to use Windows XP (We may discuss it to compare to other operating systems) • Develop an operating system OS_Intro/013 CS 314 Operating Systems Major components in modern operating systems (1) Process management (= allocating CPU resource) • Process and thread (light-weight process) • Inter-Process Communication (IPC) • Process Synchronization (2) Memory management • Paging • Virtual memory • Segmentation (3) I/O resource management • Deadlock avoidance (4) User management • Security OS_Intro/014 CS 314 Operating Systems Why do I need to learn OS? Let’s talk about it before we start this course ….. OS_Intro/015