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Solar System (Moon, Stars, Sun, Planets) Amy Johnson and Cheri Scheer Seventh Grade Science updated 2005 General Objective • Objects and Their Motion in the Solar System – Strand 6, Concept 1 & 2 (GLE) Concept Map Concept Map Seasonal Changes Time Zone Tilt of the Earth and Dates • Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours • Axis is tilted at 23 1/2 degrees • Earth revolves around sun every 365 1/4 days in an elliptical path practice Moon • • • • Phases and Dates Quiz Lunar Landing (yes or no) Eclipses Other planets practice Eclipses Planets • • • • • INNER PLANETS Mercury Venus Earth Mars • • • • • OUTER PLANETS Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune • Pluto INNER PLANETS • Terrestrial • Small • Solid MERCURY • • • • • Slightly bigger than the Moon Covered with craters 1 Mercury day is 59 Earth days -180 to 400° C 1 Mercury year= 88 Earth days VENUS • • • • • • Covered with thick clouds Atmosphere is almost all CO2 Surface temperature 475 ° 1Venus day is 243 Earth days 1 Venus year is 225 Earth days Retrograde Rotation EARTH • Changing weather patterns • Key to life is water • Perfect distance from the Sun to support life MARS • • • • • • • Thin atmosphere of CO2 Water only polar caps Covered in volcanoes Dusty, barren surface appears red 2 moons: Phobos and Deimos 1 day-1day 1year =687 days ½ diameter, 1/10 mass of Earth OUTER PLANETS • Gas giants • No solid surfaces • Pluto not considered an outer planet JUPITER • Made primarily of hydrogen and helium • Giant Red Spot is a storm/tornado system the size of 1½ Earths • Largest planet (able to hold all other planets) • 60 known moons – Io, most volcanically active place in solar system – 3 of 4 large moons have icy surfaces • 1 day = @ 10 hours 1 year = 11.9 years SATURN • • • • Second largest planet Made of hydrogen and helium Winds blow 900 mph 31 known moons – Titan is larger than Mercury • Rings are a few hundred meters thick and are the largest – Can be seen from Earth with telescope – Three main with thousands of ringlets • 1 day = @ 10 hours 1 year = 29.5 years URANUS • Featureless, blue-green • Mainly hydrogen, helium, and methane – Absorbs red part of sunlight • Rotates on its side – Possibly struck by massive object • Has 13 rings • Has 27 moons – Miranda shows evidence of being struck, breaking apart, and collecting together again • 1 day = 17 hours 1 year = 84 years NEPTUNE • • • • • Made similar to Uranus with cloud belts Great Dark Spot similar to Great Red Spot Looks like faint blue-green star Set of very narrow rings 13 known moons – Triton is smaller than Earth’s moon – Orbits opposite of Neptune’s spin • 1 day = 18 hours 1 year = 165 years PLUTO • • • • Smallest rock and nitrogen ice with thin methane atmosphere Only planet never visited by a mission Sometimes orbit path is inside Neptune’s orbit making Neptune outermost planet • One moon – Charon is more than half the size of Pluto • 1 day = just over 6 days 1 year = 248 years Project Let’s Have FUN! • Space Trivia • Order Up! • Adlib Story MAP Assessment MAP Assessment Map assessment • Explain why we are closer to the sun in the winter but still warmer in the summer? Lesson Summary Summary Citations, Credits, References • http://www.worldtimezone.com • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astrono my/planets/earth/Seasons.shtml/ • http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/java/MoonPhase. html • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astrono my/moon/Phases.shtml • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astrono my/activities/label/labelmoonphases.shtml Citations, Credits, References • http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/kids_s pace/answers_moon.html • http://www.lunaranomalies.com/fake-moon.htm • http://www.windows.ucar.edu Career Areas • • • • Astronaut/Aerospace Engineer/Astrologer Farmer Meteorologist Oceanographer