Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Post-classical history wikipedia , lookup
Wales in the Early Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
European science in the Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Early Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Migration Period wikipedia , lookup
History of Christianity during the Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Christianity in the 11th century wikipedia , lookup
• 2/13 Focus: – During the High Middle Ages, many changes took place in Europe. The growth of trade brought about new business practices and bigger towns • Do Now: – What was Joan of Arcs contribution to the Hundred Years War? – Add Parliament and guilds to the word bank Test Review The Early Middle Ages Causes The Fall of Rome Frequent invasions from barbarians such as the Vikings Roman road networks become unsafe to travel on People flee cities to go live in countryside Effects Trade declines Lack of central government People have to become self sufficient Knowledge and learning decline Development of feudalism and the manorial system • During the Early Middle Ages, a tribe known as the Franks took over Gaul, today Gaul is modern day France • Clovis I, King of the Franks, Christianity converted to _____________ and gained the support of the Church • Charles Martel stopped the spread of Islam into Western Europe when he defeated the Moors at the Battle of Tours _________________ Charlemagne • ____________________ was crowned Holy Roman Empire by the pope and was able to establish an empire that stretched across modern day France, Germany, and part of Italy • occurs when there is weak centralized government and the protection people need ______________ land • King divides __________in exchange for military service and loyalty Nobles • __________ hold the real power Power • _______________ based on the amount of land owned • Knights follow a code of conduct known Chivalry as __________________ Serfs • ___________ are bound to the land • Lords give knights land • Knights give – lords loyalty and protection – give serfs protection and allow to farm land • Serfs work the land Economic • ______________ system that developed along with Feudalism • Primary economic activity was Agriculture __________________ • Manor was based on the concept of Self- sufficiency __________________ Unifying • served as a _________________ force in Western Europe after the fall of Rome Monks • __________ in monasteries helped preserve Greek and Roman knowledge • Popes had spiritual influence over followers and over time developed ___________ power secular • Popes were able to influence political leaders by threatening to excommunicate _________________ rulers who did not follow the Church • Popes and rulers often had conflicts over power in Europe – Pope Gregory tried to expand power of the church over rulers – Investiture Controversy developed over the right to appoint bishops • William of Normandy conquers England Battle of Hastings at the _______________________in 1066 – Gave lands to Norman supporters; determines who builds castles and where – Takes a census of called the Domesday Book _____________________in order to create an efficient tax system • King John is forced to sign the Magna Carta ________________ –Limited the power of the King ________________ –King must obey the law –Magna Carta leads to the Parliament formation of the ____________ • Effects: – Trade increased – Kings gain more power – Increased cultural diffusion with the Muslim world – Relations between Christian, Jews, and Muslims became strained • Horse Collar • Iron Plow • Three Field System Commercial Revolution Trade • __________________ increased as a result of contact with Asia during the Crusades Italian city-states dominated trade in • ______________ southern Europe; Flanders in the north – Examples: Genoa, Venice; Hanseatic League Commercial Revolution • Formation of towns helped weaken feudalism ________________ • Demand increased for currency ____________ rather than barter Commercial Revolution Banking • ___________ developed to protect and invest people’s money • Skilled workers and merchants formed guilds _____________ to set prices and standards for quality Art/Architecture/Philosophy/ Literature • Architecture reflected the Gothic style _________________ and use of __________________ to construct Flying buttress much taller buildings and huge stained glass windows. Art/Architecture/Philosophy/ Literature Song of Roland • ___________________and Canterbury Tales are examples of _______________ medieval literature Thomas Aquinas • _________________ studied Greek philosophy; tried to use reason and logic to support Christian religious beliefs One Hundred Years War • War between England and France • Began over dispute over succession to the French throne • Joan of Arc helped turn the tide of the war for the French • War showed that Knights were no longer effective in war • Contributed to the end of the feudal system