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The Null Hypothesis Modus Tollens*: The Logic of the Null Hypothesis *Modus tollens (Latin: mode that denies) is the formal name for indirect proof or proof by contrapositive (contrapositive inference), often abbreviated to MT. It can also be referred to as denying the consequent, and is a valid form of argument (unlike similarly-named but invalid arguments such as affirming the consequent or denying the antecedent).