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Volcano Chapter 9 • 1) Refers to the opening in earth’s crust through which molten rock, gases and ash erupt AND • 2) the landform that develops around that opening Where??? • Where do volcanoes occur? • 1) At subduction boundaries • 2 at divergent boundaries • 3 – Over hot spots • Hot spot??? • Areas of volcanic activity that results from hot material that rises up in the mantle • Hot spots don’t move….the PLATE does! Types of Magma • Viscosity • Gas content • Resistance to flow (THICK!) • More gas = more EXPLOSIVE Lava Flows • • • • Pahoehoe Aa Pyroclastics Pillow lava • Smooth • Jagged • Solid fragments • underwater Types of Volcanoes • Shield • Cinder Cone • Composite • Caldera • Broad, gentle slopes (Mauna Loa) • Small….normally around composites • Very large and steep (Mount Shasta) • An extinct volcano that has filled with water Largest Volcano in our Solar System! • Oylmpus Mons • Mars
