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Transcript
Earth’s Interior Geology • The study of planet Earth. • Study of… – The forces that make and shape planet Earth. – The chemical and physical characteristics of rock. – The processes that create Earth’s features and search for clues about Earth’s history. 3 Layers of the Earth’s Interior • Crust • Mantle • Core Crust • Layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin. • 2 Types of Crust – Oceanic crust • Crust beneath the ocean. • Made of basalt – Dark, dense rock with a fine texture – Continental crust • Crust that forms continents • Made of granite – Rock that has larger crystals than basalt, not as dense Mantle • Layer of hot rock below the crust. • Temperature and pressure in the mantle increase with depth. • Lithosphere – Consists of the crust and the uppermost part of mantle. • Asthenosphere – Layer below the lithosphere that is soft – Mantle below is solid Core • Inner layer made of metals iron and nickel. • 2 Layers – Outer core • Layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core. – Inner core • Dense ball of solid metal Earth’s Magnetic Field • Currents in the liquid outer core force the solid inner core to spin at a slightly faster rate than the spinning of the whole Earth. • Earth’s magnetic field – Caused by the core movement – Causes the planet to act like a giant bar magnet Earth’s Interior Outer core Core Earth is divided into is divided into Inner core Mantle Crust Summary Questions • What are the layers that make up Earth? Write a sentence about each one. • What happens in Earth’s interior to produce Earth’s magnetic field? Describe the layers of the interior where the magnetic field is produced. • What are some of the differences and similarities between the mantle and the core? Explain.