Download The Structure of the Earth

The Structure of the
Earth
Opportunities to focus students on
the SLO’s they have been given (a
reminder that they have them) and
a focus for the lesson for both them
and me
SLO’s
The Structure of the Earth
• There are four layers
that make up the
structure of the earth
• Each layer has
different
characteristics
Possible to use great visuals and
some simple notes. Opportunity to
get students to draw a simple
version of the diagram and label it
from this diagram (process and
generalise the information)
The Crust
• The thinnest layer 740km thick
(similar in scale to the
thickness of the skin on
an apple)
• Made up mainly of
solid rock
Opportunities to use a great visual to
build on and reinforce terms (see next
two slides), wonderful quick recap for
next lesson and beyond and some simple
class notes
The Mantle
• The thickest layer at
2800km
• The mantle is made of
magma which is thick,
sticky, slow moving
molten rock
• Magma ranges in
temperature between
1300C directly under
the crust to 2000 C
near the outer core
Heaps of opportunities to use questioning to
draw out prior knowledge assess
understanding or target revision
The Outer Core
• This layer is 2000km
thick
• Made of liquid iron
and nickel at 3000C
The Core
• The core is 2300km in
diameter
• It is made of solid iron
and nickel
(solid because of the
pressure of all the other
layers)
• The core is the
hottest layer at
4000C
So easy to present the info in a new way
(another diagram), giving students the chance
to look at things from a different angle
The Core
Easy to give students a
introduction to an area
they have never visited.
After asking for a show of
hands about who had been
to Rotorua I left them to
read an article about the
Tarawrea eruption. As they
read I googled some
pictures and put a together
a simple virtual tour of the
area
Mt Tarawera
The Mountain and the Lake
Mt Tarawera
Mt Tarawera
The Pink and White terraces (A Wonder of the World)
Mt Tarawera
The Unexpected Eruption
Mt Tarawera
The Aftermath of the Eruption
Mt Tarawera
The Buried Village of Te Wairoa today
Mt Tarawera
The Ruptured Mt Tarawera (15km rift, 11 craters)
Worksheet
A reminder to me and a useful visual cue for
students of the relevant worksheet and a
hyperlink if I need to print off more copies
\\tgfp01.tghs.school.nz\teachershome$\amckay\School\Year 10 Science\Earth
Science\Internet Activity Volcanoes.doc
Examples
1. A 15μC test charge experiences a force of
5mN when it is placed in an electric field.
Calculate the strength of the field.
330NC-1 (2sf)
2. A 25 μC test charge is placed in an electric
field of 150NC-1. What is the size of the force
on the test charge?
3.8mN (2sf)
3. A test charge in an electric field of 180NC-1
experiences a force of 4.5mN. Find the size of
the charge.
For topics involving worked examples, setting a question
answer that
25with
µCthe(2sf)
can be revealed for the quick finishers and for self assessing. Full working
then done as necessary on that whiteboard that hasn’t been covered up by a
data projector screen
Exercises
• ABA,
Pg 142-150
• ESA,
Activity 15A, Pg 177
Useful to be able to put up the textbook exercises with a
picture of the text book. Saves on looking up the page each
year, having to write it on the board and avoids the
“Which book is ABA?” questions
Electric
field
in
a
Wire
Reasonably straight forward to make some fancy
diagrams to demonstrate or develop concepts
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
• An electric field forms inside
the wires of a circuit when the
circuit is complete
• The field is just like the field
between two plates except that
it is inside the wire and often
there is quite a large distance
between the terminals
• The movement of the charges
around the circuit (current) is a
result of the electric field acting
on the charges (electrons) inside
the wire
Reviewing
the
Concepts
Great for developing revision notes, lots of scope for questioning
drawing out info and assessing understanding
• Electric field Strength
– The amount of force on a charge
• Electric potential energy
– The work done on a charge in an
electric field
• Electric potential difference
– Electric potential energy per
charge
• Potential gradient
– A practical way of calculating E
E
F
q
or
F  Eq
Units NC-1
W  Eqx or EP  Eqx
Units J
Equivalent units
V  Ex
Units V
V  Ex
we can rearrange this to give;
E
V
x
Units Vm-1
Photos of setup details or exemplars etc save a thousand words
Tables allow the use of
real data collected in
class
Trolley-run Data
Constant Speed
Accelerating
time (s)
distance (m)
time (s)
distance (m)
0
0
2
2.4
4
5.6
6
7.4
8
9.3
10
11.4
12
14.4
14
16.6
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0
0.7
2
3.75
6.2
8.5
11.5
15.5
20.25
The Distance/time Graph
Graphs with class data etc can be
plotted from within PowerPoint or
copied from Excel
Trolley Motion
25
Distance (m)
20
15
Acceleration
Constant Speed
10
5
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
Time (s)
12
14
16
18
Links
• http://www.suu.edu/faculty/colberg/Hazards/Pl
ateTectonics/18_Pangaea.html
Hyperlinks to useful websites can be added so
just a click takes you to the site
Animations can be part of the presentation
Animations
Lunar Eclipse
…and videos
Videos
Shadow Art
The slides of a PowerPoint can be printed out (up
to 9 per page) for students who have been away or
who are going away
Catch-up Notes
PowerPoint Opportunities
• Expected
– More consistent class notes
– Scope to use images, animations and videos
• Unexpected
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–
–
–
ICT “magic” –student focus on the screen
Being freed up from the white board (but don’t cover it, it’s still useful)
Discussion/questioning opportunities
Organisation of resources
• SLO’s, wkshts, equipment setups (photos)
• Comments, reflections, reminders
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–
–
–
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Display of live data/graphs
Worked examples/questions and answers/quick tests
Ease of revision
Catch up or work for students away from school
Flexibility of delivery
• Modification of notes –level/content
• Changing order