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Earthquakes 1 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Unit learning objectives Learning objective Beginning Developing Mastering I can describe the structure of the earth, and explain how tectonic plates move I can give examples of different plates and different types of plate boundary and explain the processes happening there I can use atlas maps to locate tectonic plates and earthquake zones I can use different types of maps, globes, atlases, and GIS to locate and describe the physical and human geography of earthquake zones. I can use geographical terminology associated with tectonic processes I can compare earthquakes in different locations using statistical techniques I can use specific case study detail to explain the effects of an earthquake I can compare earthquakes in different locations using specific case study information I can explain why people live in hazardous places, and what they can do to reduce the risks I can determine how great a hazard earthquakes are in different locations 2 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Plate Tectonics I can describe the structure of the earth, and explain how tectonic plates move Icons key: For more detailed instructions, see the Getting Started presentation. Flash activity. These activities are not editable. Accompanying worksheet. 3 of 31 Printable activity. Teacher’s notes included in the Notes Page. Useful web links. © Boardworks Ltd 2005 2008 History of the Earth 4 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 More than ever We know more about the Earth than we ever have before. Scientific advances have significantly changed our knowledge of the structure of the Earth. We can now say: what the structure of the Earth is how the Earth has changed over time what might happen to the Earth in the future. Do we know everything about the Earth’s structure and its history? 5 of 31 https://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=Q9j1xGa xYzY © Boardworks Ltd 2008 What is the Earth made What is the Earth made from? from? By the end of this section, you will: Be able to identify what the Earth is made of. Understand how these layers fit together. Learn more details about the Earth’s structure. 6 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Looking into the Earth 7 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Across the Earth 8 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Split / Fractures Exploited by CC Lava continuously pouring out Basalt Diverging convection currents Molten magma rising up http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=MmMX83diwl0 9 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Structurally sound? 10 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 What is What is plate plate tectonics? tectonics? By the end of this section, you will: Know what is meant by the term plate tectonics. Know what continental drift is and how it affects Earth. Be able to identify and name the major plates. 11 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Earth 100 Million Years From Now • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGc Ded4xVD4 Think, pair, share What questions does this video clip give us? 12 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Continental drift 13 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Evidence for continental drift It was not until the 1960s that the theory of continental drift became accepted by the scientific community. Some continents fit together almost perfectly, e.g. South America and Africa. Similar fossils can be found on different continents. This shows these regions were once very close or joined together. Almost identical patterns of rock layers on different continents is evidence that the rocks were once close together or joined. Why are the continents moving? 14 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 What is plate tectonics? In the 1960s geologists used surveys of the ocean floor to explain continental drift with the theory of plate tectonics. The Earth's surface is made up of a number of large plates that are in constant, slow motion. The ocean floors are continually moving, spreading from the centre and sinking at the edges. The edges of these plates – plate boundaries – are where earthquakes and volcanoes occur. Convection currents in the mantle move the plates. The plates ‘float’ on the mantle and move around the Earth’s surface. How do the plates actually move? 15 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Why do the plates move? 16 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Plate names 17 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Conservative plate boundary 18 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Conservative order 19 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Plate definitions 20 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Summary activities Summary activities By the end of this section, you will: Know the key points of plate tectonics. Understand important words and phrases relating to plate tectonics. 21 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Summary quiz 22 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Glossary 23 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Anagrams 24 of 31 © Boardworks Ltd 2008