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DO NOW Hand in both homework assignments to the bin in front. Answer these questions in your notebook: 1. 2. i. Who was the first person to propose that the continents once fit together? ii. What was one of Wegener’s forms of evidence for continental drift? iii. What were the two flaws of Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis? Plate Tectonics What evidence do scientists have to support the fact that the Earth’s crust is continuously moving? Plate Tectonics The theory that describes how tectonic plates move and shape Earth’s surface Tectonic plates are huge pieces of crust that fit together at their edges to cover Earth’s surface. About 12 plates exist on Earth Earth’s Interior Crust – Rigid outer shell of Earth ◦ Oceanic and Continental Crust Mantle ◦ Upper mantle is partially molten ◦ Lower mantle is rigid (solid) Earth’s Interior Core Outer core is molten iron, source of Earth’s magnetic field Inner core is solid, Iron and Nickel Plate Boundaries Divergent Boundary Convergent Boundary Transform Boundary Divergent Boundary Two tectonic plates move apart from each other Mid-Ocean Ridges Rift valleys – long narrow depressions Rift valley in East Africa Convergent Boundary Two tectonic plates move towards each other (come together) Oceanic Plates are more dense Continental Plates are less dense Subduction Process when one tectonic plate slips beneath another plate Convergent Plate Boundaries Oceanic – Oceanic ◦ Subduction Occurs ◦ Deep Sea Trenches (Marianas Trench) Convergent Plate Boundaries Oceanic – Continental ◦ Subduction Occurs ◦ Trench and Volcanic Arch (Peru – Chile Trench) Convergent Plate Boundaries Continental – Continental ◦ No Subduction Occurs ◦ Mountain Building ◦ Himalayas Transform Boundary Region where two plates slide past each other Earthquakes occur at transform boundaries San Andreas Fault in San Francisco