Download Our AMAZING Planet

OUR AMAZING PLANET:
Earth
Year 9 Science
Year 10 Science
Recap
• You should know:
 The structure of the Earth. Crust, Mantle,
Outer Core and Inner Core.
Continental movement
The structure of the Earth
The structure of the Earth
Convection Currents
•The middle of the Earth is VERY
hot
•This causes the semi fluid Mantle
which is below the crust to
circulate
•These circulations are called
CONVECTION CURRENTS
•Continents are in the CRUST so
the movement below them makes
the continents move too
•This is called CONTINENTAL DRIFT.
Convection Currents
CRUST FLOATS ON MANTLE
The crust is made up of TECTONIC PLATES which float on the semi
liquid mantle and move due to convection currents caused by the heat
of the middle of the Earth.
Tectonic Plates
• The CRUST of the Earth is divided up into 19
pieces – Much like a jig saw
• These are called TECTONIC PLATES
Tectonic Plates
NEW ZEALAND
The Alpine Fault line
What happens at PLATE
BOUNDARIES??
• Remember that the CRUST moves on the semi
liquid MANTLE so the PLATES want to move
• What do you think happens at PLATE
BOUNDARIES when the PLATES move??
Four things can happen
• 1. Transform Fault
• 2. Convergent Fault
• 3. Divergent Fault
• 4. Subduction Fault
1. Transform Boundary
e.g. The Alpine Fault in New Zealand
Plates slide past each other in the opposite
direction
2. Convergent Boundary
e.g. The Himalayan Mountain Range
Plates push against each other and move towards the
middle of the Earth leaving mountains behind
3. Divergent Boundaries
Plates move away from each other and semi fluid
from the MANTLE moves up and cools creating
mountains
4. Subduction Zones
e.g. The Islands of Tonga
One plate moves beneath the other creating
Volcanoes and deep trenches
Is the a CONVERGENT Boundary or a DIVERGENT
Boundary?
Convergent Boundary where Plates are
being destroyed by SUBDUCTION
Divergent and Convergent Boundaries
Worksheet
• Label the plate boundaries you can see
• Make sure you write what type it is
• Stick these sheets in your book