Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Age of the Earth wikipedia , lookup
Terra Australis wikipedia , lookup
Anoxic event wikipedia , lookup
Ocean acidification wikipedia , lookup
Oceanic trench wikipedia , lookup
Physical oceanography wikipedia , lookup
History of geology wikipedia , lookup
Large igneous province wikipedia , lookup
Plate Tectonics Court Monroe Chapter 17, pages 443 - 463 Alfred Wegener, father of continental drift Wegener thought that the continents were once connected. Continents fit into each other Landforms, like mountains Fossils of continents meshed in key areas People did not go along with theory, because they could not figure out what force would be strong enough to move a continent. Continents would crack if pushed through ocean Gravity would not make them go “downhill” Spin of the Earth was not fast enough Wegener died on expedition to Greenland Probably died by falling into a crevice When digging in Greenland, when you are are deep as you are going to go, one yells “I’ve found Wegener”. Theory widely accepted in early 1960’s QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. www.vulkaner.no/v/vulkinfo/ tomtech/etomtech.html http://pubs.us gs.gov/public ations/graphi cs/Fig25globes.gif QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. www.astro.umn.edu/~john/ Ast1001/earth/Earth.html QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. oak.cats.ohiou.edu/.../ Diversification.htm QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/ tectonics/quakecenters.html http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visu alizations/es0806/es0806page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. When plates converge, one of three things can happen. 1. A continental plate (granite) can collide with oceanic plate (basalt), and the more dense goes under (subducts). 2. Fig 4.32 When plates converge, one of three things can happen. 1. A continental plate (granite) can collide with continental plate (granite), and it crumples (mountains) 2. Fig 4.33 When plates converge, one of three things can happen. 1. An oceanic plate (basalt) can collide with an oceanic plate (basalt), and it make an island arc (Japan) 2. Fig 4.28 1. The ocean comes apart at ridges. Most of these are in the middle of oceans. 2. Fig 4.12 1. We know that the plates come apart here (called Sea Floor Spreading), because of magnetic anomalies. 2. Fig. 4.14 3. Fig 4.16 4. Fig 4.18 QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Plates can also slide past each other (transform). QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Break it down (Old School Style) Plates come together at PLATE BOUNDARIES CONVERGENT (Where they come together) a. Continent to continent (mountains like Himalayas) b. Ocean to Ocean (Island arcs like Japan, with TRENCH) c. Continent to Ocean (Rockies and Andes, with TRENCH and MOUNTAINS) DIVERGENT (Where they come apart) a. RIDGE (small hump where lava comes up) b. RIFT (where the canyon is between plates) c. SEA FLOOR SPREADING (where Ridges and Rifts are) d. NEWEST (land is born here) TRANSVERSE (Where they slide past each other) a. L.A. and San Francisco b. Crooked sidewalks a. Convection currents b. Heat from birth of Earth, gravitational pressure, radioactive decay All of this is energy driven What kind of plate boundary is this a representation of? What kind of fault is THIS a representation of? Convergent zones can be Continent to continent (mountains) Continent to Ocean (ocean trench, and mountains) Ocean to Ocean (island arc ~ Japan) This is oceanic vs. continental crust. Name a place where this is happening. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. www.tki.org.nz/.../ what_on_earth/bumps2_e.php www.calstatela.edu/ faculty/acolvil/plates.html Excellent animations, on another website. http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072826967/student_view0/chapter4/animations_a nd_movies.html#