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September 30, 2013
Agenda
1. Roll
2. PowerPoint on: Deforming the
Earth’s Crust
3. Finish Pangaea Puzzle
Subject Area: Deforming the Earth’s Crust
EQ: How does plate motion cause major
geologic events?
Questions:
1. What are the major types of faults?
2. How do the three major types of faults
differ?
3. What are the most common types of
mountains?
Deforming the Earth’s Crust
Have you ever tried to bend something, only to
have it break? You can bend things that can bow
to a point until it will eventually break. This is
called stress. Stress is the amount of force per
unit area that is put on a given material.
Rocks Get Stressed
Compression – occurs when an object is
squeezed. An example of this is when two
tectonic plates collide
Movie
Rocks Get Stressed
Tension – The stress that occurs when
forces act to stretch an object. An
example of this is when two tectonic
plates pull away from each other.
Partner Share:
What are the two forces that stress rock?
The two forces that stress rock are …
Folding
Folding occurs when rock layers bend due
to the stress of the Earth’s crust. There are
several types of folds. Some are called
anticlines, synclines, and monoclines.
Faulting
Fault – the surface along which rocks break
and slide past each other.
Faulting
A footwall is the slope down and a hanging
wall is the slope up.
Faulting
Normal Fault – causes the hanging wall to
move down the footwall. Usually happens
when tectonic forces pull rocks apart.
Faulting
Reverse Fault – causes the hanging wall to
move up the footwall. Usually happens
when tectonic forces cause compression
that pushes rocks together.
Partner Share:
What is the difference between a normal fault and a reverse
fault?
The difference between a normal and reverse fault is …
Faulting
Strike-slip fault – happens when opposing
forces cause rocks to break and move
horizontally.
Partner Share:
What is a strike-slip fault?
A strike-slip fault is …
Plate Tectonics and Mountain
Building
The reason mountains exist is that tectonic
plates are continually moving around and
bumping into one another. The three most
common types of mountains are folded
mountains, fault-block mountains, and
volcanic mountains.
Movie
Folded Mountains
Folded mountains form when rock layers are
squeezed together and pushed upward.
Partner Share:
What forms a folded mountain?
Folded mountains are formed when …
Fault-block Mountains
Fault-block Mountains form when faulting
causes large blocks of the Earth’s crust to
drop down relative to other blocks.
Partner Share:
What forms a fault-block mountain?
Fault-block mountains are formed when …
Volcanic Mountains
Volcanic Mountains form when molten rock
erupts onto the Earth’s surface. They are
formed from new material being added to
the Earth’s surface.
Pangaea Puzzle
1. Color each piece
6. Place labels on
2. Cut out each piece
each land
3. Arrange on new blank
mass
paper (one landmass!) 7. Place Name
4. Glue into place
and Period
5. Title it Pangaea
8. Draw pictures
in blank areas
These will be due on Friday if you do them at home.
Why Are Mountains So High?
What did I know?
1.
2.
3.
What did I learn?
1.
2.
3.
What do I want to know
more about?
1.
2.
3.
Checking Objectives
1. Describe major types of faults.
2. Explain how the three major types of
faults differ.
3. Name and describe the most common
types of mountains.
Class Work
• Purple Workbook, Chapter 6, Section 4;
Pages 44 – 46.
Pop Quiz
On a separate sheet of paper, place your name and period on
the top. Title it Pop Quiz. You will turn this in to me when you
are finished. Do not take this test in your Science Notebook.
1. Name the five layers of the Earth.
2. Name three possible causes of tectonic plate motion.
3. What type of plate boundary is the San Andreas Fault?
4. What word means “all earth?”
Bonus Question
*What is the name of the boundary where Subduction takes
place?*
When you are done sit quietly and get ready to take your notes.