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Geology
SOL 5.7
Geology 1
What is weathering?
Answer
The gradual wearing away of
rock by the forces of wind,
water, and ice.
Geology 2
What is EROSION?
Answer
The moving around
of weathered
materials by wind,
water, or ice.
Geology 3
What types of geological
activities cause changes to
the Earth very slowly?
Answer
Earthquakes, volcanoes,
sink holes, plate
movement, weathering,
and erosion
Geology 4
What is an example of a
change that can be made
to the earth very rapidly?
Answer
Those caused by severe
weather like tornadoes or
hurricanes.
Geology 5
What causes movement of
material within the Earth?
Answer
The Earth’s heat energy
Geology 6
There are over twelve of them
on Earth, they float on the
semi-solid mantle, and when
they move, continents move
with them.
Answer
Plates
Geology 7
Where are most earthquakes
and volcanoes located?
Answer
Along faults
Geology 8
What is a fault?
Answer
The boundary of two plates
Geology 9
What type of fault is this?
Answer
CONVERGENT
Geology 10
What type of fault is this?
Answer
Divergent
Geology 11
What type of fault is this?
Answer
Transform boundaries
Strike – slip boundaries
or sliding boundaries
Geology 12
How can humans cause
erosion?
Answer
Deforestation,
mining
And overbuilding cities,
highways, and roads.
Geology 13
What 6 thing can humans
do to prevent or slow the
process of erosion?
Answer
1. By establishing governmental
regulations and legislation
2. planting trees
3. creating better drainage patterns
4. contour farming
5. preserving rain forests
6. limiting pollution.
Geology 14
What is the rock cycle?
Answer
The rock cycle is a model that
shows the continual process of
change in the Earth and its rocks.
Geology 15
What causes rocks to change
into other types of rocks?
Answer
Heat and pressure
from the inner Earth.
Geology 16
Do all changes in rocks
occur very slowly?
Answer
No. Some changes are very
rapid, others take millions
of years.
Geology 17
Is new material ever added to
the Earth?
Answer
No.
The material of the Earth just
cycles through various forms like
heating, melting, weathering, and
erosion and compression.
Geology 18
Can any rock become any
other type of rock?
Answer
Yes.
There is no “one way”
through the rock cycle.
Geology 19
What
does this
picture
show?
Answer
The Rock Cycle
Geology 20
Which rock
sample
would show
us Granite?
Answer
1
Based on the picture, we
can see crystals.
Geology 21
What
type of
rock are
both 2
and 4?
Answer
Sedimentary
Geology 22
What five things help us to
identify rocks?
Answer
Composition
2. Grain Size
Textural features
4. Color
Presence of fossils
1.
3.
5.
Geology 23
What is the name of this sample?
Answer
Granite
Geology 24
What is the name of this sample?
Answer
Gneiss
Geology 25
What is the name of this sample?
Answer
Limestone
Geology 26
What is the name of this sample?
Answer
Sandstone
Geology 27
What is the name of this sample?
Answer
Slate
Geology 28
What is the name of this sample?
Answer
Shale
Geology 29
What is the name of this sample?
Answer
Coal
Geology 30
We classify rocks as
Sedimentary, Igneous, or
Metamorphic according to
what?
Answer
How they were formed.
Geology 31
What is a sedimentary rock?
Answer
A rock in which layers of
sediment are cemented
together.
Geology 32
What is an igneous rock?
Answer
A rock which was formed by
melting and cooling of lava
and magma.
Geology 33
What is a metamorphic
rock?
Answer
A rock that was changed by
heat and pressure.
Geology 34
Scientific evidence indicates
the Earth is very old. About
how old is it?
Answer
4.5 Billion years old
Geology 35
What is a fossil?
Answer
Fossils are the remains of plants
and animals that have been
preserved in rock.
Geology 36
What is a “relative age?”
Answer
A rock’s age compared to
another rock.
Geology 37
The process of how things
have changed over time, or
evolved, can be traced
through what?
Answer
Fossils
Geology 38
Fossils are indicators
of past what?
Answer
Climate and geography
Geology 39
The study of these has lead us to
create a timetable that serves as a
model for understanding the Earth’s
past. This timetable is divided into
eras (major time units).
Answer
Fossils
Geology 40
The Earth’s interior is made up
of three layers. What are they?
Answer
Crust
Mantle
Core
Geology 41
The crust is made of what?
Answer
Rock and soil
Geology 42
The mantle is made of
what?
Answer
Mostly solid rock and some
partially melted rock.
Geology 43
The core is made of what?
Answer
Melted rock (iron and
nickel) and an inner core.
Geology 44
The layers of the Earth do
what continuously?
Answer
Break, fold, overlap, and
diverge.
Geology 45
As depth increases below the
surface of the Earth, what
happens to temperature and
pressure?
Answer
They increase also.