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Transcript
The Layers of the Earth Objectives • Identify the Four Layers of the Earth • Describe characteristics of those layers • Know which layer is the thickest Warm Up How are an apple and the earth similar? In your notebook, write as many thoughts as possible. How are an apple and the earth similar? ■ ■ Both have layers ■ Both have a very thin top layer ■ Both have a core ■ The “pulp” of the apple is the thickest part, like the mantle is the thickest part of the earth. Four Layers of the Earth Which table can name all four? Characteristics of Each Layer Predict: What characteristics might we want to know about each layer? ● ● ● ● ● ● Thickness (Distance from one section to the next) Temperature Composition (what it’s made of) State Density (how much stuff per unit of space) Pressure Crust Two types: Oceanic and Continental ● Thickness ○ Oceanic: 0-10Km ○ Continental: 0-50Km ● Temperature: ● Composition ○ Oceanic: Basalt and Silicate Rocks ○ Continental: Quartz, Feldspar, and Granite ● State: ● Density ○ Oceanic: 3.0 - 3.9 g/cm3 ○ Continental: 2.7-3.0 g/cm3 ● Pressure: 0 - 1000 C Solid Lowest Lithosphere ● Location: Uppermost Mantle and Crust ● Thickness: 0 - 75 Km ● Composition ○ Oceanic: Basalt ○ Continental: Granite Asthenosphere ● Location: Below Lithosphere. Part of the Mantle. ● Thickness: 75 - 260 Km ● Composition: Like a putty. More iron and magnesium than crust Mantle ● Thickness: ● Temperature: 1,000 - 3,700 C ● Composition: Silicon, magnesium, oxygen Silicate (iron and magnesium) can flow. ● State: Semi - Solid ● Density: 3.3 - 3.7 g/cm3 ● Pressure: 2885 Km Lower pressure, Increases as you go deeper. Outer Core ● Thickness: ● Temperature: 3,700 - 5,000 C ● Composition: Iron mixed with nickel and sulfur ● State: Liquid ● Density: 9.9 to 12.2 g/cm3 ● Pressure: Higher pressure 2270 Km Inner Core ● Thickness: ● Temperature: 4,300 - 7,000 C ● Composition: Iron, nickel and some sulfur ● State: Solid ● Density: 12.6 0 13.0 g/cm3 ● Pressure: Highest 1216 Km Look back at your notes. What trends do you notice? (Patterns about temperature, pressure, density, etc.) ● Three things increase as you go deeper, closer to the core… ○ Temperature ○ Pressure ○ Density Diagram the Earth Color the layers according to the key Label the 4 layers Show what happens to temperature as you move closer to the earth’s core. Show what happens to density as you move towards the earth’s core. How do we know all this? http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem /earthsstructure/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem /platetectonics/ A Quick Game http://quizlet.com/9125673/8-science-insideearth-flash-cards/ Layers of the Earth Rap http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiHRI_Z2Kgs