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The Nitrogen Cycle How the element nitrogen makes it through the ecosystem The Nitrogen Cycle QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Description of the Nitrogen Cycle • N2 gas in the atmosphere must be taken in by symbiotic bacteria in the roots of plants (legumes) through nitrogen fixation. Then other bacteria change the nitrogen so it can be taken up by plants. Animals eat plants and get nitrogen. When plants and animals die, bacteria do a process called denitrification which puts nitrogen back in the atmosphere. Vocabulary • Nitrogen Fixation: process that bacteria use to take up N2 gas from the atmosphere. • Legume: Plant that puts nitrogen in the soil because it has symbiotic bacteria living in its root nodules. • Denitrification: process that bacteria use to return N2 gas to the atmosphere. Biotic and Abiotic Factors • Biotic Factors: – – – – Bacteria Plants Animals Decomposers • Abiotic Factors: – Fertilizers add nitrogen to soil – N2 gas, nitrates, nitrites, Review of a protein • Elements: CHONS • Monomers: Amino acids • Polymers: Polypeptides-chains of amino acids • Functions: Enzymes, structure, transport-proteins have many functions! QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Crop Rotation QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. • Farmers must rotate crops to make sure the soil contains the proper amount of nitrogen. • Usually farmers switch legumes like beans (which give nitrogen to the soil) with other plants like corn/tomatoes which take nitrogen from the soil.