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Transcript
Warm-up: Describe a time in your life when you were really sick. Do you know if you had a virus or a bacterial infection (maybe it was something else!) What were the symptoms and how was it treated? The Difference in Size • Bacteria can be measured in micrometers – 0.000001m or 10-6 • Viruses are measured in nanometers – 0.000000001m or 10-9 The Difference in Definition • Bacteria: Prokaryotic Prokaryo Organisms – Pro: Primitive or “prior to” – Karyon: Nucleus or “kernel” – Single-celled organisms • Viruses: Submicroscopic, parasitic Submicroscopic parasitic, acellular entity composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein coat. – Below the resolution of a microscope – Relies on a host – Does not have the properties of cellular life Bacteria Two main “domains” 1. Archaea Cell walls lack peptidoglycan MadeAdapted up of types of peptide and sugar bonds to extreme environments: • Extremely hot and cold, salty, without oxygen, etc. 2. Bacteria Cell walls with peptidoglycan Bacteria: Shapes • Three basic shapes: – Rod (Bacilli) Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax), Yersinia pestis (Bubonic plague) • Comma-shaped (Vibrios) Vibrio cholerae – Sphere (Cocci) Streptococcus, Staphylococcus – Spiral (Spirilla) Treponema pallidum (Syphillis) Bacterial Staining • Gram-positive: Retains the crystals of violet dye in the peptidoglycan layer Bacterial Staining • Gram-negative: Will not pick up the violet dye Bacterial Growth and Reproduction • Binary Fission: Asexual division • Conjugation: “Sexual” reproduction Pilus extends between bacteria • Spore Formation: An endospore forms when growth conditions are unfavorable