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ANTIBIOTICS AND VACCINES BACTERIAL INFECTIONS ANTIBIOTICS substances that kills or weaken micro-organisms natural – produced by bacteria or fungi synthetic – manufactured by humans used in nature by bacteria and fungi to kill other micro-organisms they compete with for resources used by humans to kill bacteria that cause infection and disease http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-iE-JbtxB6w PENICILLIN very commonly used antibiotic produced by moulds refined by humans kills by weakening cell walls of bacteria http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOph1n1Mdls ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE occurs when a population of bacteria can no longer be killed by an antibiotic occurs overtime when antibiotics cannot kill all bacteria in a population resistant bacteria continue to divide and make up more of the population bacteria population evolve to be unaffected by the antibiotic PREVENTING ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE following prescription given by the doctor only using antibiotics when necessary reducing the use of “anti-bacterial” products http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiMrcOc3HBM VIRAL INFECTIONS VACCINES substances that contain weakened forms or parts of a dangerous virus do not cause viral diseases used by humans to cause immune system to create antibodies that will kill dangerous viruses when exposed to active viruses http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abBpWqFV7kw USES OF VIRUSES creating vaccines delivering drugs to target cells gene therapy inserting a missing gene into a person’s DNA creating genetically modified organisms VIRONS AND PRIONS viron small pieces of RNA that do not have a capsid infect many plant species prion abnormally shaped proteins attack brain and nervous tissue