* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Micro_History_16 - Kenston Local Schools
Survey
Document related concepts
Metagenomics wikipedia , lookup
Human microbiota wikipedia , lookup
Magnetotactic bacteria wikipedia , lookup
Eradication of infectious diseases wikipedia , lookup
Disinfectant wikipedia , lookup
Microorganism wikipedia , lookup
History of virology wikipedia , lookup
Marine microorganism wikipedia , lookup
Bacterial cell structure wikipedia , lookup
Globalization and disease wikipedia , lookup
Bacterial morphological plasticity wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Historical Milestones People at this time knew that diseases could be passed from person to person and on clothing ◦…but didn’t know what it was Bacteria carried by fleas Plague killed 2530 million people in Europe Estimates: 6070 million worldwide died An English Scientist viewed cells in cork Hooke – “coined” the word CELL Dutch textile merchant made the first microscope He saw bacteria, fungi and some protozoa Smallpox vaccine Proved that anthrax is caused by bacteria Came up with Koch’s Postulates 1882 discovered the cause of TB = tuberculosis German botanist Considered one of the founders of Microbiology Discovered Endospores The English surgeon discovered the antiseptic method. In other words: Clean, Sterile = use antiseptics during surgery French chemist and microbiologist Proved that microorganisms cause disease Discovered the rabies & anthrax vaccine Originated “Pasteurization” ◦ Discovered Penicillin 1940s – the electron microscope developed Post World War II – antibiotics introduced to medicine 1950s and 1960s – vaccines developed to control polio, measles, mumps, & rubella 1977 - Developed a method to sequence DNA ◦ Sanger & Gilbert 1983 - Polymerase Chain Reaction = PCR ◦ Mullis 1995 - First genome of microbe ◦ H. influenza 1973 – Biotechnology 1980 – Present ◦ Insulin – the first genetically engineered drug ◦ Genetically modified food ◦ Drugs ◦ Vaccines ◦ Stem Cell Research ◦ Nano-technology ◦ Personal Genome Sequencing = $99 (2013)