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Bacteria Basics Basic Structure Piliustransfers DNA DNA Ribosome Flagella Capsule (slime layer) Plasmid Plasma membrane Cytoplasm Cell wall Bacteria Shape • Bacteria come in 3 basic shapes Coccus- sphere shaped Bacillus – rod shaped Spirillum- spiral shaped Bacteria Growth Mono – cells grow alone Diplo – cells grow in pairs Tetra – cells grow in groups of four Strepto – cells grow in long chains Staphylo – cells grow in clusters Bacteria Reproduction • Binary Fission- asexual reproduction found in bacteria, result two genetically identical cells • Conjugation- transfer of genetic material between bacteria through the pilus. Gram Staining • Staining technique used to identify bacteria. The stain is absorbed by the cell wall. • Gram (+) purple • Gram (-) pink – usually more pathogenic Harmful Bacteria • Bacteria cause harm in 2 ways. • Produce toxins or poisons that harm an individual • Interfere with normal functions.
