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Multiplication Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Xi2Nc1UicQ
Tetanus
Lyme Disease
Plague
9.2 Bacteria
MRSA
Staph
Anthrax
A. Bacteria are ______________;
prokaryotes living, single-celled organisms!
air _________,
water or on
They are carried from place to place in _____,
the _____________
surfaces
of objects.
flagella
Some can move by flicking whip-like _____________.
Typical Animal Cell
Eukaryote
Typical Bacterium
Prokaryote
1. The genetic material of prokaryotes is not contained in
a______________.
nucleus
2. Prokaryotes have no cell organelles other than
ribosomes
_________________.
Eukaryote
Prokaryote
3. All living things must have food (energy source) to survive.
Autotrophs - make their own food one of _____
two ways:
a. __________
•Using the sun’s energy
(photosynthesis)
•Using chemical energy
(chemosynthesis)
Heterotrophs
Decomposers
b. _______________
- consume other organisms. Ex) ______________
cellular respiration
*** Remember, all living cells do _____________________,
which
Oxygen
requires ___________.
B. Bacteria Shapes
1. ________________________
Rod-like (Bacillus)
2. _________________________
Spherical (Coccus)
3. ________________________
Spiral (Spirillus)
C. Reproduction - Bacteria can reproduce two ways:
1. Asexual reproduction is accomplished through __________
binary
__________.
fission
a. One parent divides to produce two _____________
identical
bacteria.
limits genetic diversity.
This ________
2. Sexual reproduction is accomplished through _________________.
conjugation
a. Two parents produce new organisms that _____________
inherit
their
genes from each parent.
increases genetic diversity.
This ___________
D. Bacteria and Us – Reasons to be glad bacteria are out there!
1. Oxygen production
oxygen
a. A great deal of Earth’s ___________
is produced by
bacteria, and other photosynthesizing autotrophs.
2. Natural recyclers
Decomposers
a. _________________
are
heterotrophic bacteria that
break down large chemicals
in dead organisms into small
chemicals.
b. These chemicals are
returned to the
soil
__________
for other
organisms to use.
3. Food Production – pasteurization of dairy products.
a. _____________________
butter
b. ___________________
cheese
c. ____________________
yogurt
d. ____________________
kefir
4. Your body
a. Good bacteria on your body _____________
compete
_____
for ___________
space
with bad bacteria.
b. Good bacteria in your _________________
intestines
help digest food.
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetI
d=df103fa0-40ec-4d80-b94a-9c039db80c28
genetic engineering
c. Recall that bacteria are frequently used in __________________.
Ex) production of human insulin
Skin as a Barrier
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.c
fm?guidAssetId=5f74f4b1-347a-49e3a516-b4f24e6e7e51
5. Bacteria and Disease
one percent
a. Bacteria that cause disease make up less than ____________
of known bacteria species.
Fun Fact!!!
The ____________
toxin produced by bacteria in poorly-preserved
botulism
canned or jarred food, is used in small doses in __________
botox
injections as a way to temporarily paralyze muscles.
Dino Disease?
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.c
fm?guidAssetId=abbebdc3-7395-4abc9be6-43f3e6fca5b9
alive
killed
b. Because they are _________,
bacteria can be ____________,
antibiotics
using _______________.
Ex) Penicillin
toxins that are typically produced by _________,
fungi
c. Antibiotics are ________
billions
which have been competing with bacteria on Earth for ______________
of years in the world’s oldest “Arms Race”
d. There are drawbacks to using antibiotics:
good bacteria in our bodies
- antibiotics can also kill the ______
- antibiotics can cause unwanted ____________.
side effects
evolution
- over-use of antibiotics can lead to the _____________
of
resistant
antibiotic-____________
bacteria which can withstand our
strongest medicines.
Incorrect antibiotic use kills all but the “strongest bacteria”
Ex) MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus-aureus)
Antibiotic Resistance
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.c
fm?guidAssetId=e852a83c-8149-4d4e8181-439511cbc0cd
Quiz (who was listening? )
• Are bacteria alive?
• Do bacteria cells have a nucleus?
• What is it called when bacteria reproduce asexually?
• Are all bacteria harmful?
• Name one way that bacterial can be helpful:
• Name one antibiotic:
• Complete this sentence:
– “When antibiotics are used incorrectly, they kill off the weakest bacteria
in a sick person, leaving the ____________ ones to survive and
reproduce”
– http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/SafetyHealth/AntimicrobialResista
nce/ucm134359.htm
• http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AnimalVete
rinary/SafetyHealth/AntimicrobialResistanc
e/UCM134417.wmv