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CHAPTER 2
SALON ECOLOGY
2.1 MICROBIOLOGY
2.2 INFECTION CONTROL
2.3 FIRST AID
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | ADVANCE ORGANIZER
FOLLOWING THIS LESSON, YOU WILL BE ABLE TO:
• Recognize the structure and function of bacteria
and viruses by types, classifications, growth and
reproduction patterns
• Identify infection control procedures and precautions
• List safety procedures and first-aid applications for minor
burns, cuts, choking, eye injury and fainting
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | ADVANCE ORGANIZER
2.1 MICROBIOLOGY
BACTERIA
GROWTH OF BACTERIA
VIRUSES
EXTERNAL PARASITES
INFECTION
IMMUNITY
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | ADVANCE ORGANIZER
Microbiology: study of small living organisms
+ micro (small)
+ bio (living)
+ ology (study)
microbiology
Important in preventing the spread of disease
within the salon.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | ADVANCE ORGANIZER
BACTERIA
Bacteria: one-celled micro-organisms
Nonpathogenic
Pathogenic
Non-disease
producing bacteria
Disease-producing
bacteria
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | BACTERIA
NONPATHOGENIC BACTERIA
• Do not produce disease
• Can be very beneficial
Saprophytes are nonpathogenic bacteria that live on dead
matter and do not produce disease.
Approximately 70% of all bacteria are nonpathogenic and
many live on the surface of the skin.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | BACTERIA
PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
• Cause infection and disease
• Have distinct shapes
• Some produce toxins
• Spread easily
• Live everywhere
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | BACTERIA
PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
1. Cocci
• Staphylococci
• Streptococci
• Diplococci
Round
Appear in groups
or singularly
Bunches
Found in boils
Pus-forming
Long chains Cause strep throat
Pus-forming
Pairs
Cause pneumonia
2. Bacilli
Rod
Most common form
of bacterial cells
3. Spirilla
Spiral
Cause syphilis, lyme
disease, cholera
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | BACTERIA
GROWTH OF BACTERIA
ACTIVE STAGE
• No growth occurs when
conditions unfavorable
• Reproduce and
grow rapidly
• Spores not harmed
by disinfectants, cold
• Require dark, damp, dirty
or heat
places with food
• Divide into two new cells • Become active when
conditions are favorable
INACTIVE STAGE
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | GROWTH OF BACTERIA
MOVEMENT OF BACTERIA
Bacilli and spirilla use flagella (cilia)
to propel themselves.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | GROWTH OF BACTERIA
VIRUSES
• Sub-microscopic particles; much smaller than bacteria
• Cause familiar diseases like the common cold, measles,
HBV, HIV
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | VIRUSES
HUMAN HEPATITIS B (HBV)
• Highly infectious disease that infects liver
• Vaccine-preventable disease
• Personal service workers are often vaccinated
ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)
• Caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
• Affects the body’s natural immune system
• Spread by body fluids entering blood stream of
uninfected individual
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | VIRUSES
EXTERNAL PARASITES
External Parasites: Organisms that live on or obtain
nutrients from another organism
Parasitic Fungi
• Include molds and yeasts
• Produce contagious diseases
such as ringworm, comb
ringworm and nail fungus
• Produce non-contagious
conditions such as dandruff
and seborrheic dermatitis
Parasitic Mites
• Include insects that produce
contagious diseases such as
itch mites and head lice
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | EXTERNAL PARASITES
Prevent spread of contagions (fungi, bacteria and mites)
through proper disinfection procedures.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | EXTERNAL PARASITES
HEAD LICE
• Transmitted from one person
to another
• Accompanied by scratching,
redness or small bite marks
• Controlled by
pediculicide shampoo
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | EXTERNAL PARASITES
INFECTION
Infection: disease-producing (pathogenic) bacteria or
viruses enter body and multiply to point of interfering with
body’s normal state
Contagious Infection (Communicable Disease): can be
transmitted from one person to another
Bloodborne Pathogens: disease-causing bacteria or viruses
that are carried through blood or body fluids
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | INFECTION
COMMON WAYS OF SPREADING INFECTION IN THE SALON:
• Open sores
• Unclean hands and implements
• Coughing or sneezing
• Use of same implements on infected areas and
noninfected areas
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | INFECTION
2 CLASSES OF INFECTION
Local
• Small, confined area
• Pus-filled boil, pimple or inflamed area
General
• All parts of the body (systemic)
• Circulatory system carries bacteria and toxins
A person carrying disease-producing bacteria or
viruses with no recognizable symptoms is called an
asymptomatic carrier.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | INFECTION
IMMUNITY
Active Immunity
• Antibodies given directly
• Antibodies produced
• Antibodies given through
after exposure to disease
blood products or via
placenta to newborn
• Disease exposure
through infection or
• Lasts only a few weeks or
vaccination
months
• Long-lasting or lifelong
Passive Immunity
Universal Precautions: practice of using the same infection
control procedures with all clients
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | IMMUNITY
SELF-CHECK
Identify whether the statement describes:
a - Nonpathogenic or b - Pathogenic
1. __ 70% of all bacteria
2. __ Produce disease
3. __ Include saprophytes
4. __ Harmless
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
Identify the type of pathogenic bacteria.
1.
Grow in pairs and can cause pneumonia
2.
Most common form of bacterial cells
3.
Pus-forming cells that form long chains;
cause strep throat
4.
Pus-forming cells that form bunches;
found in boils
5.
Spiral-shaped cells that cause syphilis,
cholera and lyme disease
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-12, answer the
following questions.
Identify whether the statement describes:
a - Active Bacteria or b - Inactive Bacteria
1. __ Grow Rapidly
2. __ Exhibit Mitosis
3. __ Form Spores
4. __ Stop Growing
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
5. List 3 familiar conditions caused by viruses:
__________ __________ __________
6. Which of the following viruses affects the liver?
a. Cold
b. HBV
c. Measles
d. Chicken Pox
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
7. What organisms live on or obtain their nutrients from
another organism?
a. Cocci
b. Bacilli
c. Measles
d. External Parasites
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
8. Which class of infection is located in a small
confined area?
a. Local
b. General
c. Passive
d. Systemic
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
9. The type of infection that occurs when the circulatory
system carries bacteria and toxins to all parts of the
body is called __________.
10. Using the same infection control procedures on all
clients is known as __________ __________.
11. The ability to destroy infectious agents that enter the
body is known as __________.
12. What are the two types of immunity?
__________ and __________
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
Identify whether the statement describes:
a - Nonpathogenic or b - Pathogenic
a 70% of all bacteria
1. __
b Produce disease
2. __
a Include saprophytes
3. __
a Harmless
4. __
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
Identify the type of pathogenic bacteria.
1.
diplococci
Grow in pairs and can cause pneumonia
2.
bacilli
Most common form of bacterial cells
3.
streptococci
Pus-forming cells that form long chains;
cause strep throat
4.
staphylococci
Pus-forming cells that form bunches;
found in boils
5.
spirilla
Spiral-shaped cells that cause syphilis,
cholera and lyme disease
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-12, answer the
following questions.
Identify whether the statement describes:
a - Active Bacteria or b - Inactive Bacteria
a Grow Rapidly
1. __
a Exhibit Mitosis
2. __
b Form Spores
3. __
b Stop Growing
4. __
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
5. List 3 familiar conditions caused by viruses:
cold
measles __________
hepatitis
__________
__________
HIV
6. Which of the following viruses affects the liver?
a. Cold
b. HBV
c. Measles
d. Chicken Pox
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
7. What organisms live on or obtain their nutrients from
another organism?
a. Cocci
b. Bacilli
c. Measles
d. External Parasites
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
8. Which class of infection is located in a small
confined area?
a. Local
b. General
c. Passive
d. Systemic
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
9. The type of infection that occurs when the circulatory
system carries bacteria and toxins to all parts of the
general
body is called __________.
10. Using the same infection control procedures on all
precautions
universal __________.
clients is known as __________
11. The ability to destroy infectious agents that enter the
immunity
body is known as __________.
12. What are the two types of immunity?
natural and __________
passive
__________
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | SELF-CHECK
FACE THE FACTS
BACTERIA
 Two types: pathogenic and
nonpathogenic
 Forms of
pathogenic bacteria include: cocci,
bacilli and spirilla
GROWTH OF BACTERIA
 Two stages: active
and inactive
 While
in the inactive stage, bacteria form spores,
which protect the cell
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | FACE THE FACTS
FACE THE FACTS
VIRUSES
 Sub-microscopic particles that cause
diseases like the
common cold
EXTERNAL PARASITES
 Organisms
that live on or obtain their nutrients from
another organism
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | FACE THE FACTS
FACE THE FACTS
INFECTION
 Pathogenic bacteria or
viruses cause infection when they
enter the body and multiply
 Contagious infection or
communicable disease can be
spread through touch or through the air
 Common means
of spreading infection in the salon
include unclean hands and implements
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY | FACE THE FACTS
2.2
INFECTION CONTROL
SANITATION
DISINFECTION
STERILIZATION
INFECTION CONTROL GUIDELINES
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | ADVANCE ORGANIZER
Infection Control: describes efforts to prevent the spread
of disease and kill certain or all microbes
Efficacy: ability to produce results, or effectiveness
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | ADVANCE ORGANIZER
SANITATION
The process of removing dirt to aid in
preventing the growth of microbes
Antiseptic: product that can be
applied to the skin to reduce microbes
and prevent their growth
SANITATION
REMOVES DIRT
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | SANITATION
DISINFECTION
Disinfection Standards: require
products to destroy or kill bacteria
and a broad spectrum of viruses
• Apply to all tools and implements
used by the salon professional
DISINFECTION
KILLS CERTAIN BACTERIA
SANITATION
REMOVES DIRT
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | DISINFECTION
Disinfectants: chemical products used to destroy or kill
bacteria and some viruses
Bactericidals
Tuberculocidals
Fungicidals
Viricidals
Pseudomonacidals
Kill harmful bacteria
Kill tuberculosis
Destroy fungus
Kill viruses
Kill pseudomonas
Broad Spectrum Disinfectants: group of disinfectants that
kill bacteria, viruses, fungi and pseudomonas
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | DISINFECTION
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
ADMINISTRATION(OSHA)
• Regulating agency under the
Department of Labor that
enforces safety and health
standards in the workplace
• Has put regulations such as
Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDS) and labeling of products
in place
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | DISINFECTION
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)
• Approves efficacy of products used for
infection control
• EPA-registered number ensures product is safe
and effective
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | DISINFECTION
2001 OSHA BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS STANDARD
• Requires use of an EPA-registered disinfectant with an
efficacy against HIV and HBV or tuberculocidal
• Applies to implements that accidentally come into
contact with blood or body fluids
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | DISINFECTION
DISINFECTION GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES
• Disinfect combs and brushes after use
• Change chemical solutions as recommended
• Disinfect unplugged electrical appliances
• Wash, rinse and disinfect by completely immersing all
cosmetology, nail care, esthetic and electrolysis tools and
metal implements after each use
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | DISINFECTION
DISINFECTION GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES
• Discard emery boards, cosmetic sponges
and orangewood sticks after each use
• Store disinfected tools in disinfected,
dry, covered container or cabinet
• Dispose of sharp objects in sealable,
rigid container
• Label and properly store disinfecting
products
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | DISINFECTION
DISINFECTION PRECAUTIONS
• Tightly cover and label containers; store in cool dry area
• Avoid inhaling or spilling chemical solutions; avoid
contact with skin or eyes; wipe all spills
• Refer to Material Safety Data Sheet for proper
procedures if contact with eyes or skin occurs
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | DISINFECTION
STERILIZATION
• Most effective level of
infection control
• Kill or destroy all microbes
• Consult area
regulating agency for
standards regarding
cosmetology services and
sterilization procedures
STERILIZATION
KILLS ALL MICROBES
DISINFECTION
KILLS CERTAIN BACTERIA
SANITATION
REMOVES DIRT
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | STERILIZATION
INFECTION CONTROL GUIDELINES
SANITATION
ITEM
• Countertops
• Sinks
• Floors
PROCEDURE
•
•
•
Toilets
Towels
Linens
• Your hands before each service
• Your hands and client’s hands
and/or feet prior to manicuring
or pedicuring service
• Use EPA-registered cleaning
product
• Use liquid soap; avoid bar soaps
• Use antiseptic designed for hands
and/or feet
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL |
INFECTION CONTROL GUIDELINES
INFECTION CONTROL GUIDELINES
DISINFECTION
ITEM
PROCEDURE
• Tools and implements that
have come in contact with
body fluids
• Use antibacterial, EPA-registered
disinfectant effective against HIV
and HBV or tuberculocidal
• Tools and implements that
have not come in contact with
body fluids
• Use broad-spectrum,
EPA-registered bactericidal
viricidal, fungicidal,
pseudomonacidal disinfectant
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL |
INFECTION CONTROL GUIDELINES
INFECTION CONTROL GUIDELINES
STERILIZATION
ITEM
PROCEDURE
• Tools and implements that
are used to puncture or invade
the skin
• Use a liquid sterilant and/or
moist or dry heat, calibrated
to various temperatures to produce
a microbe-free result on nonporous
substances
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL |
INFECTION CONTROL GUIDELINES
SELF-CHECK
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-9, answer the
following questions.
Identify whether the statement describes:
a - Sanitation or b – Disinfection
1. __ Includes use of an antiseptic
2. __ Does not kill germs
3. __ Uses very strong chemicals
4. __ Destroys a broad spectrum of viruses
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
5. Sterilization kills __________ microbes.
6. Bloodborne pathogen disinfection kills
__________ and __________.
7. Disinfection kills __________ bacteria.
8. Antiseptic prevents _________ of microbes.
9. Sanitation removes __________.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-9, answer the
following questions.
Identify whether the statement describes:
a - Sanitation or b – Disinfection
a Includes use of an antiseptic
1. __
a Does not kill germs
2. __
b Uses very strong chemicals
3. __
b Destroys a broad spectrum of viruses
4. __
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
all
5. Sterilization kills __________
microbes.
6. Bloodborne pathogen disinfection kills
HBV
HIV
__________
and __________.
certain bacteria.
7. Disinfection kills __________
growth of microbes.
8. Antiseptic prevents _________
dirt
9. Sanitation removes __________.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | SELF-CHECK
FACE THE FACTS
INFECTION CONTROL
 Efforts to prevent
the spread of disease and kill microbes
SANITATION
 Removes dirt to prevent
growth of microbes
 Hand
washing should be done with warm
water and soap
 Hands
should be washed immediately before serving
each client to prevent the spread of microbes
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL |
FACE THE FACTS
FACE THE FACTS
DISINFECTION
 Destroy or kill bacteria and
some viruses
 Tools
or implements to be disinfected should be washed
thoroughly before being completely immersed in
disinfectant
 Rule:
Discard or Disinfect
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | FACE THE FACTS
FACE THE FACTS
STERILIZATION
 The
most effective level of infection control
 Sterilization procedures
kill or destroy all microbes
 Consult your
area’s regulating agency for standards
regarding cosmetology services and sterilization
procedures
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | INFECTION CONTROL | FACE THE FACTS
2.3 FIRST AID
BLEEDING AND WOUNDS
BURNS
CHOKING
FAINTING
EYE INJURY
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | ADVANCE ORGANIZER
GOOD SAMARITAN LAWS
• Encourage people to help others in emergency situations
• Give legal protection to people who provide emergency
care to ill or injured persons
• Require that the “Good Samaritan” use common sense
and a reasonable level of skill in emergency situations
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | ADVANCE ORGANIZER
BLEEDING AND WOUNDS
1. Place clean cloth and gloved hand over wound.
2. Call 9-1-1 if bleeding is severe.
3. Elevate injured arm or leg above level of victim’s heart.
4. Secure cloth bandage.
5. Never use a tourniquet.
6. Have emergency personnel check victim for shock.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | BLEEDING AND WOUNDS
BURNS
1. Rinse away all traces of chemicals and remove any
contaminated clothing.
2. Cover burn loosely with clean, dry cloth.
3. Refer person to medical personnel if necessary.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | BURNS
HEAT OR ELECTRICAL BURNS
1. If skin is not broken, immerse in cool water or gently
apply cool compress; bandage with clean, dry cloth.
2. Do not break blister if one forms; do not apply ointments
or creams.
3. If skin is broken or burns are severe:
• Call 9-1-1 or other emergency personnel
• Do not clean wound
• Cover burn loosely
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | BURNS
CHOKING
1. Determine if victim can speak or cough.
2. Stand behind victim and wrap arms around his/her stomach.
3. Make a thumbless fist and place just above navel.
4. Perform upward thrust.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | CHOKING
FAINTING
1. Lay victim down on back and allow plenty of fresh air.
2. Reassure victim and apply cold compress to face.
3. If victim vomits, roll onto side, keep windpipe clear.
Fainting victims regain consciousness almost
immediately. If this doesn’t happen, the victim could be
in serious danger and you should call 9-1-1 ASAP.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | FAINTING
EYE INJURY
CHEMICAL
1. Hold eyelids apart and flush eyeball with lukewarm
water for 15-30 minutes; don’t let runoff water flow
into other eye.
2. Place gauze pad or cloth over both eyes and secure with
bandage.
3. Get to an eye specialist or emergency room
immediately.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | EYE INJURY
CUT, SCRATCH OR EMBEDDED OBJECT
1. Hold eyelids apart and flush eyeball with lukewarm water
for 15-30 minutes; don’t let runoff water flow into other
eye.
2. Place gauze pad or cloth over both eyes and secure with
bandage.
3. Get to an eye specialist or emergency room immediately.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | EYE INJURY
SELF-CHECK
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-6, answer the following
questions.
1. T or F
You should use a tourniquet to stop bleeding.
2. T or F
Don’t lift cloth to see if bleeding has stopped.
3. T or F
Chemical burns should be treated by scrubbing
with soap and hot water.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
4. T or F
To determine if someone is choking, determine
if victim can talk or cough.
5. T or F
When someone has fainted, reassure the victim
and apply a cold compress to face.
6. T or F
If you have an embedded object in your eye, try
to remove it.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-6, answer the following
questions.
1. T or F
You should use a tourniquet to stop bleeding.
2. T or F
Don’t lift cloth to see if bleeding has stopped.
3. T or F
Chemical burns should be treated by scrubbing
with soap and hot water.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | SELF-CHECK
SELF-CHECK
4. T or F
To determine if someone is choking, determine
if victim can talk or cough.
5. T or F
When someone has fainted, reassure the victim
and apply a cold compress to face.
6. T or F
If you have an embedded object in your eye, try
to remove it.
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | SELF-CHECK
FACE THE FACTS
BLEEDING AND WOUNDS
 Place cloth or
 If bleeding
 When
gauze over wound and apply pressure
is severe, call 9-1-1
bleeding stops, secure cloth with a bandage
 Never
use a tourniquet unless you cannot control
the bleeding
 Have
emergency personnel check victim for shock
if necessary
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | FACE THE FACTS
FACE THE FACTS
CHEMICAL BURNS
 Rinse away chemicals while removing contaminated
clothing from burn area
 Cover
the burn with clean, dry cloth
 Refer person
to medical personnel if necessary
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | FACE THE FACTS
FACE THE FACTS
HEAT OR ELECTRICAL BURNS
 If skin
is not broken, immerse burned area in cool water
or apply a cool compress
 Bandage with
clean, dry cloth
 Do
not break blister if one forms
 Do
not apply ointments or creams
 Call 9-1-1 if
burns are severe
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | FACE THE FACTS
FACE THE FACTS
CHOKING
 Determine if
victim can speak or cough and is getting
enough air
 If victim is not getting enough
air, call 9-1-1
FAINTING
 Lay
victim down on back and make sure there is plenty of
fresh air
 If victim vomits, roll him or
her on side and
keep the windpipe clear
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | FACE THE FACTS
FACE THE FACTS
CHEMICAL EYE INJURY
 Flush
eyeball with lukewarm water 15-30 minutes
 Place gauze pad
over both eyes; apply bandage
 Get to eye specialist or
emergency room immediately
CUT, SCRATCH OR EMBEDDED OBJECT EYE INJURY
 Place gauze over
 Do
both eyes
not remove embedded object
 Get to eye specialist or
emergency room immediately
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | FIRST AID | FACE THE FACTS
SELF-TEST
CHAPTER 2 SALON ECOLOGY | SELF-TEST