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Fall Semester Review Answers PowerPoint Questions by R. Neill PowerPoint by K. Pease 1. What is the first thing you should do if you have an accident in the lab? Tell the teacher 2. If density is the measurement of mass in a certain volume, what tools would you use? A: if it was a liquid (graduated cylinder) B: if it was a solid (trip beam balance) 3. How would you set up an experiment to test if the temperature of water affects the breathing rate of a goldfish? Three fish bowls 1 water at room temp 1 water at colder then room temp 1 water at hotter then room temp Way in each to measure breathing rate 4. A new skin lotion has been developed to treat teenage facial acne… Manipulated Variable Types of lotion Responding Variable Way teens acne reacts 5. Two different companies are competing to develop the new teen acne cream. Company A has performed hundreds of tests on different teens, and company B has performed sixty tests on different teens. Which company will have more accurate results from their testing? Why? Company A, the more test done the more ways to prove results with less variance Body System Function 6. Enables the body to move: keep the heart beating 7. Sends messages throughout the body 8. Controls many body process by means of chemicals: helps the body maintain homeostasis 9. Produces offspring 10. Supports and protects the body: makes blood cells 11. Integumentary 12. Respiratory 13. Excretory 14. Digestion 15. Circulatory 16. Describe the physical changes in digestion: Mechanical: teeth grind and tear apart food Stomach grinds and churns food 17. Describe the chemical changes in digestion: Salvia break down starches Enzymes break down starches and proteins Lipids break down fats 18. Describe the energy transformation in digestion from chemical energy to _____ used in muscle activity. mechanical 19. Describe the three types of blood vessels: Veins: take oxygen poor blood to heart Arteries: take oxygen rich blood to heart Capillaries: allow oxygen/carbon dioxide to move from vessels to cells and cells to vessels. 20. In your stomach, enzymes help break down __________ molecules into ___________ molecules. Starch Simple sugars 21. What internal structure of a bird allows them the function to fly? Hallow bones 22. What structure (response) is affected by phototropism (stimulus)? Plants grow toward light 23. What structure (response) is affected by turgor pressure (stimulus)? Amount of water in the vacuole of the cell pushes against the cell wall that in turn aids the plant in standing up straight on its own 24. What structure is affected by adrenaline when seeing a furious dog (stimulus) causing you to fight or flight (response)? Adrenal gland found in the endocrine system releases adrenaline to prepare body to fight or run 25. Classify the following organisms by their type of reproduction… A= Asexual S=Sexual __ Yeast (budding) ___ Flowers (pollination __ Planarian ___ Leaf cuttings/runners __ Pine Trees ___ Amoeba (binary fission) __ Starfish (regeneration) __ Humans 26. Parents Offspring Genetic material Sexual reproduction Asexual reproduction 27. What is the cause of you looking more like one parent or grandparent? Your Heredity You inherit your traits from your biological parents 28. Models are used to show a relationship of things that are impossible to see naturally. Using the following science terms, match them to the writing terms: See next slide ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ chromosome cell DNA Gene Nucleus A: contains the DNA B: determines our traits C: made up of genes D: basic unit of life E: made up of chromosomes 29. Cross out 30. How did Mendel’s research relate to inherited traits? He determined that the offspring will look like the parents that are used to create it 31. One dog carries Bb for black fur traits and mates with a dog that carries bb fur traits. Calculate the probability of a puppy having black fur using a punnet square. Black is Dominant. Phenotype Genotype 32. What is the homozygous genotype in problem #31? bb 33. What is the heterozygous genotype in problem #31? Bb 34. Identify the following as inherited or environmental… Hair color Ear lobe Intelligence Athletic ability Nose shape Ability to ride a bike 35. How man has changed the traits of organisms through time is _____________. An example is______________. Selective breeding Different breeds of dogs 35. Darwin’s finches is an example of _________ because those offspring that do survive are best adapted to their environment and will pass their genes on to their offspring. Natural Selection 36. An example of natural selection is the color of a flowers petals since it attracts ___________ for pollination. insects 37. Calculate the work needed to push a box up a 5m ramp with a force of 25n. Work = force x distance ?= 25n x 5m ?= 125j 38. Calculate the work done to lift the box 25n. Unable to do due to not knowing the distance it was lifted up 39. What is the advantage to using a ramp? Less force is needed to move the object Makes the job easier 40. What is blood pressure? The rate the hearts pumps the blood through the heart 41. Place the structures in their three human body systems which provide the same functions as the structures in a house. House Bricks and roof Plumbing pipes Doors and windows Electrical wires Garbage disposal Integumentary Digestive excretory