Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Eight genes that make us brainiacs Genes and Human 郭承玉 5130719039 introduction Eight genes that make us brainiacs Brain Structure nucleus accumbens, caudate, putamen, pallidum, amygdala, hippocampus and thalamus Brain Structure Caudate The caudate nucleus constitutes a system that is responsible largely for voluntary movement.[1] Parkinson's disease Nucleus accumbens The nucleus accumbens has a significant role in the cognitive processing of aversion, motivation, pleasure, reward and reinforcement learning Brain Structure Putamen The main function of the putamen is to regulate movements and influence various types of learning. Parkinson's disease Thalamus Some of its functions are the relaying of sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness. Brain Structure Amygdala To perform a primary role in the processing of memory, decisionmaking, and emotional reactions Hippocampus It plays important roles in the consolidation of information from shortterm memory to long-term memory and spatial navigation. Alzheimer's disease oxygen starvation (hypoxia), encephalitis, or medial temporal lobe epilepsy Brain Structure Nucleus accumbens The nucleus accumbens has a significant role in the cognitive processing of aversion, motivation, pleasure, reward and reinforcement learning Pallidus The globus pallidus is a major component of the basal ganglia core along with the striatum and its direct target, the substantia nigra. Common genetic variants influence brain structure univariate Univariate 65% univariate The genome-wide significant variants identified here showed specific effects on single brain structures rather than pleiotropic effects across multiple structures Common genetic variants influence brain structure Trait Marker Gene Protein function Putamen rs945270 KTN1 kinectin a receptor that allows vesicle binding to kinesin and is involved in organelle transport. Putamen rs620979 DCC 86 netrin a receptor involved in axon guidance and migration, including in the developing striatum. Putamen rs608777 BCL2L 1 Add 1 an antiapoptotic factor inhibits programmed cell death of immature neurons throughout the brain Putamen rs683250 DLG2 postsynaptic density 93 (PSD-93) protein a membrane-associated guanylate kinase involved in organizing channels in the postsynaptic density Add keywords keywords Common genetic variants influence brain structure Trait Marker Gene Protein function Hippocampus rs779563 14 HRK HRK protein Activator of apoptosis Hrk regulates apoptosis through interaction with death-repressor proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L). Hippocampus rs620979 Add MSR keywords 86 B3 MSRB3 protein The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the reduction of methionine sulfoxide to methionine. cadherin specifically expressed in the nervous system during embryonic development that influences neuronal morphology through cell–cell interactions Caudate Add rs131886 keywords FAT3 rs176898 82 CRH R1 2 ICV tags the chromosome 17q21 inversion References nature 1 2 3 4 Common genetic variants influence human subcortical brain structures Nature 520, 224–229 (09 April 2015) doi:10.1038/nature14101 Received 17 April 2014 Accepted 19 November 2014 Published online 21 January 2015 Science Eight genes that make us brainiacs By Elizabeth Pennisi 21 January 2015 1:00 pm Science| DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa6373 MIT Technology Review Crowdsourcing Study of 30,000 Images Connects Genes to Brain Size By Antonio Regalado on January 21, 2015 Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia nucleus accumbens, caudate, putamen, pallidum, amygdala, hippocampus and thalamus THANKYOU YOU THANK 郭承玉 5130719039