Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
When you are done with your quiz… 1. Turn it in to Mrs Akl. 2. Pick up a “Pedigree Analysis” Worksheet 3. Cut and paste it onto the next left side of your IntNB. 4. Draw your immediate family’s pedigree based upon the rules on the worksheet. Overview I. What is a pedigree? A. B. II. Constructing a pedigree A. B. C. III. Definition Uses Symbols Connecting the symbols Example Interpreting a pedigree A Pedigree is… Generally: A genetic family tree Specifically: It is a chart of the genetic history of family over several generations. Back to Overview A Pedigree is used to… • Diagnose the likelihood of a disease or trait. • Scientists or a genetic counselor would find out about your family history and make this chart to analyze. Back to Overview Constructing a Pedigree Female Male Constructing a Pedigree • • • • Affected X-linked Autosomal carrier Deceased Back to Overview Connecting Pedigree Symbols Examples of connected symbols: • Married couples • Siblings Connecting Pedigree Symbols Examples of connected symbols: • Fraternal twins • Identical twins Back to Overview What does a pedigree chart look like? I. II. III. Back to Overview Interpreting a Pedigree Chart 1. Determine if the pedigree chart shows an autosomal or X-linked disease. a. If most of the males in the pedigree are affected the disorder is X-linked . b. If it is a 50/50 ratio between men and women the disorder is autosomal . Example of Pedigree Charts • Is it Autosomal or X-linked? Answer • Autosomal: Males and Females are equally affected. Interpreting a Pedigree Chart 2. Determine whether the disorder is dominant or recessive. a. If the disorder is dominant, one of the parents must have the disorder. b. If the disorder is recessive, neither parent has to have the disorder because they can be heterozygous. Example of Pedigree Charts • Dominant or Recessive? Answer • Dominant: It is found in every generation Example of Pedigree Charts • Dominant or Recessive? Answer • Recessive: It does not appear in every generation Summary • Pedigrees are family trees that explain your genetic history. • Pedigrees are used to find out the probability of a child having a disorder in a particular family. • To begin to interpret a pedigree, determine if the disease or condition is autosomal or X-linked and dominant or recessive.