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Unit 5 – Renaissance, Reformation, Exploration Using the maps on pgs 469 and 497, locate, label areas represented in the 1500s. The Italian Renaissance Renaissance – Where did it start? 6 causes of the Renaissance The Italian City-State Florence – _____________________________________ Republic in northern Italy. Wealthy due to trade, wool, and banking. Family in controll The Papal States – Rome Controlled by , and in his absence – noble families Rome became the center of the Renaissance after it declined in Florence and it was called the _____________________________________________ Which group was affected more by the Renaissance and more likely to embrace its ideas? Why? Politics and War With no central government or leader, Italy tried to create alliances against invading foreign powers but it didn’t work - Invasion of Italy by ____________________________________ of ___________________ Charles VIII occupied ________________________ in the south. Who did the northern Italian states ask for help? For the next 30 years, France and Spain fight in Italy. The sacking of _____________________ ends the wars and leaves Spain a dominant force in Italy It also brings about the end of the ________________________________________________ Characteristics of the Renaissance Secular Society – People were becoming more concerned with the _____________________________, had more of a ________________________________ Individualism - People wanted to receive personal credit for their achievements – wanted ___________________ This went against the medieval ideal of all glory going to __________________ Humanism – “new learning” – Interest in and study of _______________________________ to learn what they reveal about __________________________________ ___________________________ is considered to be the father of humanism Renaissance Intellectuals Renaissance Man – Machiavelli – Wrote -_________________________________ Studied human nature and concludes that humans are “ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers.” Decides that it is better for a ruler to be ________________________________________ Rulers must do whatever is necessary to maintain power and protect the state - ______________________ _________________________________ Castiglione - Wrote ___________________________________, a book on the expected behaviors and education of nobles Used as a guide for nobles for the next several centuries Renaissance Art The Renaissance made its greatest impact in the area of ________________ Two major periods – 1. ______________________________________ - Florence 2. ______________________________________ - Rome Major artists of the Renaissance 1. Michelangelo – 2. Leonardo da Vinci – 3. Raphael – 4. Donatello – The Northern Renaissance Late 15th century, The Italian Renaissance spreads to other parts of Europe – Northern Europe is more ____________________________ Christian Humanism – believed they could achieve higher understanding by studying early Christian works along with Latin classics. Often criticized the Church Christian Humanists Erasmus – Best of the northern humanists – Dutch. He criticized the Church and wanted to reform it, but didn’t want to leave it. What did he see as the means to reform? Sir Thomas More – Englishman. Wrote___________________________ - about an ideal society. The Elizabethan Renaissance Greatest achievement in the arts in northern Europe took place in _____________________________ Geoffrey Chaucer – wrote ___________________________________________. Collection of stories told by a group of 29 pilgrims William Shakespeare – Wrote many _________________ that reveal an unsurpassed understanding of the human psyche Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, MacBeth