Download Blood Typing - Hudson City School District

Blood Typing
ABO
ABO Blood Group
• Three alleles A, B, O
– or
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IA, IB, i
Phenotypes of Blood types:
A
NOTE: A and B are
B
codominant
AB Blood Typing You Tube
O
(ABO and Rh) 13:15 – nice donut
analogy
Blood Donating Diagram
Blood Typing Punnetts
• "What are the blood types that the
father would have of a mother of
blood type A for a son to have type
B blood?"
•
•
•
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B or O
A, B, AB or O
AB or B
A or B
A, B, or AB
• "What are the blood types that the
fathers would have of a mother of
blood type A for a son to have type
B blood?"
•
• B or O
• A, B, AB or O
• AB or B
• A or B
• A, B, or AB
Drop of Blood
Red blood cells
have antigens
Plasma has
antibodies
Don’t mix same
letter antigens
with antibodies
Antigens (glycoproteins)-identify
the blood type
Antigens on RBC
antigens
antibodies
Antigens on surface
Rh
A
B antigens on surface
Rh
B
Both A and B antigens on surface
Rh
Hey, if Type O has A and
B antibodies…
• Why can you give it to every other type of
blood?
• The donated blood only has a very small
amount of antibodies. It is more important
what kind of immune antibody response it
will cause to happen. It will not cause any
antibodies to be formed in the blood it is
being given to.
Alleles
O
and
Anti-A
antibodies Anti-B
A
Anti-B
B
Anti-A
AB
none
O
None
None
None
none
A
Clump
None
Clump
None
B
Clump
Clump
None
None
AB
Clump
Clump
Clump
None
Agglutination (clumping)
antibodies join forming a big complex
Official Blood Test Card
Blood Typing Simulation
A sera is
colored blue
• B sera is
colored yellow
• Rh sera is
colorless
•
ABO Blood Type
• ABO Blood Typing
Type A+
A
Rh
B
Type B+
A
Rh
B
Type AB+
A
Rh
B
Type OA
Rh
B
Rh+ and Rhdominant Rh positive gene (+) produces
the Rh antigen
recessive Rh negative gene (-) does
not produce an antigen
Rh Factor Genotypes
• Rh+/Rh+
Rh+
Rh+/RhRh-/Rh-
= Rh-
Rh factor
named from
Rhesus
monkeys
that were
used to do
blood tests
O positive and negative blood
Rh Punnett Squares
D= +
d=-
Rh Punnett Squares
Rh + or - ?
Anti-Rh
antibodies
.
HINT: which blood has the
Rh antigens on it?
Rh + or - ?
Anti-Rh
Rhesus
isoimmunisation,
Rh (D) disease
antibodies
.
HINT: which blood has the
Rh antigens on it?
Rh+
Best Blood for
donation centers
• Universal donor =
O Negative
• Universal recipient
AB Positive.
Percentages in U.S.
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O Positive 38.4%
A Positive 32.3%
B Positive 09.4%
O Negative 07.7%
A Negative 06.5%
AB Positive 03.2%
B Negative 01.7%
AB Negative 00.7%