Download FAMOUS SCIENTISTS

FAMOUS SCIENTISTS
Nain Singh
Grade level
6-8
Estimated Time Period
• Number of days:
3
• Number of half-hour
3
Description of Lesson
• To study the life and work of a famous
scientist
Objectives
The student will:
1. Research the life & work of a famous
scientist
2. Identify & name three contributions to
man.
Skills
1.
2.
3.
4.
Analyze, interpret, & draw conclusions
Reading, organizing, sorting info.
Develop interpersonal skills
Develop computer skills
Internet research
Word keyboard skills
Print & Non-Print Materials
• Arrange with the media coordinator for all
matrials
• Collect images of the scientist from the
internet ( see attachment).
Pre-Lesson Expectations
• Some knowledge of computer skills
Prior to Activities
• Provide about a dozen names of some
famous scientists.
• Make arrangements for use of the
computer lab.
• Pull resources and place same on mobile
carts
Activities
Day 1:
1. Teacher will introduce the topic of a famous
scientist to include the following in report:
2. Early life- date & place of birth, family, educ.
3. Adult life-Occupation, highlights, accomplish
4. Personal characteristics- Physical, personality,
people or events
5. Cover page –decorated with accomplishment
Activities contd.
•
•
•
•
•
Typing-2x spacing or neatly handwritten
Rough draft – before the final copy
Model- something of person’s work/image
Bibliography- at least 3 resources
Essay of 300 words
Day 2
• Do Internet research in computer room
• Take notes
• Make an outline
Day 3
• Make rough draft
• Read some more & continue writing report
Day 4
• Correct research paper
• Make cover sheet
• Finish
Assessment
Rubric to include:
• Historically accurate
• Neatly done
• Neatly decorated
• Labeling- diagrams
• Bibliography
35 points
20 points
20 points
20 points
5 points
Direction
• Report to be neatly typed or handwritten
• To include at least 3 resources
Related Internet Sites
•
•
•
•
www.eyewitnesstohistory.com
www.biography.com
http://www.indianchild.com/inventions.htm
http://cybersleuthkids.com/sleuth/Science/Inventors/
Gregor Mendel
Gregor Mendel
• Year Of Birth
• Year Of Death
Country of Birth
Czechoslovakia
Background Information
• Entered the monastery at age 21 & became an
Augustinian monk at age 25
• Taught natural science to high school students
• Theories of heredity were based on his work
with pea plants
• That traits are inherited
Mendel’s Work
• That traits are inherited in certain ratios
• That inherited traits are carried as
discrete units called “Genes”
• Genotype – total makeup of an organism
• Observed “Dominant & Recessive” traits
in pea plants
Mendel’s Work
• Published a paper called “Experiments with
Plant Hybrids”
• First reported his work at the Brunn Natural
History society
• No one seemed to understand what Mendel was
talking about
• In 1900, Mendel’s work was rediscovered by 3
scientists working independently.
Quality of Mendel’s Work
• Showed brilliant analysis of the questions
he sought to answer
• Design of his experiments & the clarity of
his results were outstanding
Mendel’s Law of Heredity
• Heredity factors do not combine, but
are passed intact to the offspring
• Each parent transmits only half of its
hereditary factors to each offspring
• Certain factors are “dominant” over
others
• Different offspring receive different sets
of hereditary factors, “Law of
Segregation”
• In cross-pollinating
plants that either
produce yellow or
green peas exclusively,
Mendel found that the
first offspring
generation (f1) always
has yellow
peas. However, the
following generation
(f2) consistently has a
3:1 ratio of yellow to
green
• In cross-pollinating plants that either produce yellow
or green peas exclusively, Mendel found that the first
offspring generation (f1) always has yellow
peas. However, the following generation (f2)
consistently has a 3:1 ratio of yellow to green
Mendel’s Work
• Became the foundation of Modern Genetics.
• Many diseases are known to be inherited
• Pedigrees are traced to determine desired
characteristics
• Plants are also selected or designed to exhibit
desired characteristics in experiments
Mendel’s Work
Has changed the way we perceive the world
and the way we live.
Conclusions of Expts. Results
• 1. Inheritance of a trait is determined
by "units" (genes) that are passed on
to offspring .
• 2. An individual inherits one such unit
from each parent for each trait
• 3. A trait may not show up in an
individual but can still be passed on to
the next generation.
For making an impact
Mendel’s established important
principles
1. the principle of segregation
2.the principle of independent
assortment
Segregation of alleles
1. Gregor Mendel was:
a) an English scientist who carried out
research with Charles Darwin
b) a little known Central European monk
c) an early 20th century Dutch biologist who
carried out genetics research
2. Which of the following
statements is true about Mendel?
a) His discoveries concerning genetic
inheritance were generally accepted by
the scientific community when he
published them during the mid 19th
century.
b) He believed that genetic traits of
parents will usually blend in their
children.
c) His ideas about genetics apply equally
to plants and animals.
3. Mendel believed that the
characteristics of pea plants are
determined by the:
a) inheritance of units or factors from both
parents
b) inheritance of units or factors from one
parent
c) relative health of the parent plants at the
time of pollination
4. An allele is:
a) another word for a gene
b) a homozygous genotype
c) a heterozygous genotype
d) one of several possible forms of a gene
• 5. Phenotype refers to the
______________________ of an
individual.
a) genetic makeup
b) actual physical appearance
c) recessive alleles
• 6. When the genotype consists of a
dominant and a recessive allele, the
phenotype will be like
_________________ allele.
a) the dominant
b) the recessive
c) neither
7. Assuming that both parent plants in the
diagram below are homozygous, why
would all of the f1 generation have
yellow phenotypes?
• 8. The idea that different pairs of alleles
are passed to offspring independently
is Mendel's principle of:
a) unit inheritance
b) segregation
c) independent assortment
9. The idea that for any particular
trait, the pair of alleles of each parent
separate and only one allele from
each parent passes to an offspring is
Mendel's principle of:
a) independent assortment
b) hybridization
c) segregation
10. Probability of Inheritance
Punnett Square