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WWII and Cold War Review – US History II
1. _________
A major reason for United States neutrality in the 1930s was the nation's
A.
B.
C.
D.
belief in the domino theory
disillusionment resulting from World War I
strong approval of political conditions in Europe
military and naval superiority
2. _________
5. _________
One important result of the Red Scare of the 1920s and the McCarthy Era of the
1950s was the realization that
A.
B.
C.
D.
large numbers of Soviet agents had infiltrated high levels of the federal
government
fears of subversion can lead to the erosion of constitutional liberties
communism gains influence in times of economic prosperity
loyalty oaths by government employees prevent espionage
"Necessity is the plea for every infringement of human freedom. It is the argument
of tyrants."
6. _________
- William Pitt
Which event best supports the viewpoint expressed in this quotation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
signing of the US Declaration of Independence
US declaration of war following the bombing of Pearl Harbor
the internment of Japanese-Americans during WW II
Nuremberg trials following WW II
Prior to United States entry into both World War I and World War II, United States
foreign policy changed from isolationism to involvement mainly because
A.
B.
C.
D.
the United States felt obligated to honor its commitments to its allies
United States interests were threatened
the public had elected Presidents who supported expansion
American manufacturers lobbied for sales to belligerents
3. _________
7. _________
In World War II, the United States was allied with the Soviet Union, but that
alliance became a rivalry shortly after the end of the war. Which statement most
accurately explains this change?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Alliances tend to last only as long as the nations involved see a mutual
self-interest
Historically, alliances made by countries with differing economic systems
seldom last more than a few years
The Soviet Union stood in the way of United States territorial expansion
The United States refused Soviet requests for a long-term commitment to
supply them with arms
In the 1930s, the United States responded to the rise of totalitarian powers in Europe
by
A.
B.
C.
D.
rapidly expanding its military power
joining other democracies in a system of collective security
signing nonaggression pacts with the totalitarian nations
adopting a series of neutrality laws
8. _________
Which situation best illustrates a policy of appeasement?
4. _________
The formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 is a
significant event in United States diplomatic history because it
A.
B.
C.
D.
committed the United States to a peacetime military alliance
strengthened United States influence in oil-producing nations
eased tensions with the Soviet Union and its satellites
created new patterns of international trade
A.
B.
C.
D.
The United States sent troops to defend South Korea from invasion
The United States blockaded Cuba to force the Soviet Union to remove its
missiles
Parts of Czechoslovakia were given to Nazi Germany to avoid war
The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor
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WWII and Cold War Review – US History II
9. _________
13. _________
The United States attempted to justify the forced relocation of Japanese Americans
during World War II on the grounds that
The cooperation between the United States and the Soviet Union during World War
II supports the idea that
A.
B.
C.
D.
the wartime need to assure national security was more important than the
protection of individual rights
most of the relocated people were not United States citizens and thus had
few legal rights
Japanese Americans refused to serve in the armed forces
Japanese Americans should be treated in the same way as German
Americans10. _________
A valid conclusion based on the experience of Japanese Americans during World
War II is that in wartime
A.
B.
C.
D.
first-generation immigrants become security risks
constitutional liberties may be limited
loyalty oaths are necessary to protect the national interests
fear and uncertainty do not interfere with normal life
A.
B.
C.
D.
alliances are built upon mutual self-interest
communism and capitalism have much in common
political leaders often disregard the wishes of their citizens
imperialism is necessary in defense of liberty
14. _________
An important outcome of the Nuremberg Trials held at the end of World War II was
that they
A.
B.
C.
D.
showed that many accounts of Nazi atrocities were exaggerated
spread the blame for World War II among many nations
held that moral and ethical considerations do not apply in wartime
established that individuals are responsible for their actions
11. _________
15. _________
In the United States, the placement of Japanese Americans in relocation centers
during the early 1940s was prompted mainly by
In the period following World War II, the United States developed a policy of
containment mainly in response to the
A.
B.
C.
D.
a belief that foreigners should be returned to their native countries
the impact of wartime fears on the attitudes of Americans
the evidence that many Japanese Americans openly supported Japan
the desire to protect United States culture from being influenced by a Far
Eastern culture
A.
B.
C.
D.
perceived threat of Soviet expansion
building of the Berlin Wall
partition of Palestine
spread of nuclear weapons
16. _________
12. _________
An economic impact of United States entry into World War II was that the United
States
A.
B.
C.
D.
became a debtor nation
became nearly bankrupt
accelerated its recovery from the Great Depression
was forced to accept government ownership of most major industries
Following the end of World War II, United States foreign policy changed
significantly in that the United States
A.
B.
C.
D.
assumed a more isolationist stance
began to rely on appeasement to reduce world tensions
perceived the containment of communist expansion as a major goal
concentrated most heavily on events within the Western Hemisphere
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WWII and Cold War Review – US History II
17. _________
21. _________
Which was a major effect of the cold war on the United States in the 1950's?
Following World War II, the Nuremburg Tribunal established the principle that
A.
B.
C.
D.
Congress passed laws prohibiting United States contact with communist
countries
The United States refused to enter military alliances with other nations
Participation, or even past participation, in extremist movements was
viewed as un-American
Americans were required to take loyalty oaths before registering to vote
A.
B.
C.
D.
citizens charged with war crimes must be given a trial in their home
country
only a nation's leader can be charged with war crimes
military leaders are more responsible for war crimes than civilian
authorities are
obedience to a nation's wartime policies does not excuse guilt for crimes
against humanity
18. _________
22. _________
"...the United States should do whatever it is able to do to assist in the return of
normal economic health in the world, without which there can be no political
stability and no assured peace."
This quotation expresses the basic idea of the
A.
B.
C.
D.
Marshall Plan
Eisenhower Doctrine
Camp David Accords
Yalta Agreements
Which statement best describes the present position of the United States
Government regarding the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Government opposed internment during World War II and continues
to support that position.
Congress has apologized for the internment and has agreed to make
financial reparations.
The Government continues to insist that its actions of interning Japanese
Americans require no apologies nor reparations.
Although the Supreme Court recently reversed its support of the
internment, the American public continues to support the wartime action.
19. _________
Which statement accurately describes conditions in the United States during both
World War I and World War II?
23. _________
The United States became involved in the Korean and Vietnam conflicts mainly to
A.
B.
C.
D.
Civilian lifestyles were unaffected by the war
Women assumed new roles in the workforce
Few Americans supported the war effort
Congressional leaders controlled military policy
A.
B.
C.
D.
reestablish the colonial interest of European allies in the Far East
gain better access to resources and markets in Asia
respond to direct military attacks on the United States
attempt to control the spread of communism
20. _________
24. _________
President Harry Truman decided to use the atomic bomb in World War II mainly to
A.
B.
C.
D.
satisfy Allied demands for a quick end to the war in Europe
gain valuable information for future peacetime use of atomic power
increase the prestige of the United States
bring an immediate end to the war
During the period from 1935 to 1937, Congress passed neutrality legislation mainly
as a result of
A.
B.
C.
D.
the requirements of United States alliances with European countries
urging by President Franklin D. Roosevelt
lobbying efforts by war hawks
strong public opinion favoring isolationism
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WWII and Cold War Review – US History II
25. _________
Soviet influence but to a very high and increasing measure of control from
Moscow."
After World War II, foreign policy of the United States was mainly guided by the
idea that the United States should
-- Winston Churchill
A.
B.
C.
D.
avoid joining military alliances
break all diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union
arm itself to overthrow the Communist regime in the Soviet Union
adopt a global policy of containment
When did the situation described in the passage occur?
A.
B.
C.
D.
toward the close of World War I
during the Great Depression
soon after World War II
during the Vietnam War
26. _________
Immediately after World War II, a main cause of the development of the cold war
between the United States and the Soviet Union was
A.
B.
C.
D.
the placing of missiles in Cuba by the Soviet Union
Soviet dominance over Eastern European nations
United States military actions in the Baltic Sea
Soviet desire to enter the war against Japan in 1945
30. _________
The general nature of United States foreign policy since 1945 can best be described
as
A.
B.
C.
D.
providing the leadership of the Western bloc of nations
continuing a policy of expansionism to acquire new colonies
remaining firmly committed to isolationism
seeking peace at any price
27. _________
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is based on the principle of
A.
B.
C.
D.
collective security
aggression
self-determination
nationalism
31. _________
"Iron Curtain Descends Across Europe"
"Will Berlin Blockade Cause War?"
"Why We Must Stop Stalin in Asia"
The titles of these magazine articles were most probably written in the time period
between
28. _________
An outcome of the Korean War was that
A.
B.
C.
D.
Korea became a unified nation under one government
Korea became a United Nations trusteeship
South Korea remained non-Communist
Korea was annexed by China
A.
B.
C.
D.
the Spanish-American War and World War I
World War I and World War II
World War II and the end of the Korean War
1980 and today
32. _________
In the 1930s, a main reason for the failure of peace in Europe was that
29. _________
"From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended
across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of
central and eastern Europe... .All are subject, in one form or another, not only to
A.
B.
C.
D.
Great Britain and France sought to revise the Treaty of Versailles
the United Nations was not supported by its member nations
the Soviet Union was spreading communism into Africa and Asia
Germany was seeking to dominate the European continent
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