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30 November 2011
Renal Physiology
Announcements:
Test # 3 Monday Dec 5th: CV, Respiratory & part of Renal
Feedback on Hemorrhage Diagrams: TAs and Schedule
Lab This Week: Respiration Case Studies &
Spirometry. Save paper: don’t print out lab materials.
Bring textbook and calculator to lab.
1QQ 32 for 8:30
1. What evidence indicates that the abrupt increase
in ventilation at the onset of exercise is not the
result of negative feedback?
2. Why is the negative feedback system more
sensitive to changes in PaCO2 than PaO2?
3. How is it that hyperventilating immediately before
diving allows a pearl diver to hold his breath for a
longer interval that he would otherwise be able
to?
1QQ 32 for 9:30
1. What evidence indicates that the abrupt increase
in ventilation at the cessation of exercise is not
the result of negative feedback?
2. Why is the negative feedback system more
sensitive to changes in PaCO2 than PaO2?
3. If a normal healthy resting person is breathing
ambient air at sea level and suddenly increases
minute ventilation from 7 L/ min to 10 L/min, what
would happen to their PaCO2 and PaO2?
Special terms
• Filtration: movement of fluid from blood into
the lumen of the nephron
• Reabsorption: the movement of specific
compounds from the lumen back into the blood
(peritubular capillaries)
• Secretion: the transport of specific compounds
from blood into the lumen
• Excretion: elimination from the body in urine
Kidneys are source of 3 hormones: Renin, EPO, and Vit D.
Kidneys are targets of 3 hormones: ADH, Aldosterone, ANH
S 15
Nephron = tubule
Tubular fluid vs urine
Topics discussed: cortex, medulla, kidney stones, micturition (detrussor, internal and external
urethra sphincters and innervation), incidence of bladder infections by gender, urethral sphincters
Renal artery = One way in. Two ways out of kidney (renal vein or ureter)
S 16
Zoom in on next slide
S 19
Juxtamedullary and Cortical Nephrons
Fig. 14.02a
Renal
corpuscle
Peritubular Capillaraies and
branches called vasa recta
Fig. 14.05
UF in BS
BC
TF
Three stimuli for secretion of renin
from JGC
1)
2)
3)
Fig. 14.03b
Ultrafiltrate of plasma enters
Bowman’s Figure
space 14.03
Composition same as plasma
except no formed elements
and very few proteins and no
substances bound to proteins
EA
Starling
Fig. 14.08
Forces
Glomerular Filtration Rate
is 180 L/day =120 ml/min
AA
Regulated
Variable that
establishes
GFR
What substances can cause this constriction?
Regulating
GFR
Fig. 14.09
Which happens during hemorrhage?
Which happens during overhydration?
Fig. 14.02a
Membrane proteins are
segregated into apical (luminal)
and basolateral membranes.
Figure 14.10
reabsorption
secretion
Amino acid
metabolism
glucose