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Print Media: An Elite Medium Mozambique’s print media is the purview of an elite minority as a result of the country’s high rate of illiteracy (over half) Mozambican Newspapers: Top Weeklies • Currently 10 to 15 newssheets • Email and “fax-papers” have 400 influential subscribers Newspapers Weekly Circulation 15,000 13,000 12,000 5,000 20,000 Mozambique’s challenge: How can the press to attract advertising revenues under current economic conditions? Organizations Supporting Mozambique Media Development Media Support National Union of Journalists: focuses on legal and labor rights of its members. Media Institute of Southern Africa: promotes and defends freedom of expression. Donor Support Southern African Media Development Fund: (SAMDEF) contributes to the development of the press and launched daily O Pais. Case study: VIETNAM Vietnam Country Snapshot Data Type 2010 (Estimate) Population 88 million Literacy rate 97% Per capita GDP $1,156 Urban/rural population 26%/74% Cell phone penetration 98 million Internet penetration 29% Vietnam’s newspaper sector is fully state-owned, with a two-tiered system: 1. Most newspapers act as propaganda machine for the state and in return, receive heavy subsidies. 2. A smaller group of elite newspapers are granted financial independence to reduce budgetary burden. Vietnam Newspaper Circulation: Top Dailies 400,000 400,000 250,000 380,000 180,000 Vietnam's Advertising Sector (2009) $700 $601.0 • Estimated at US $736 million $600 $500 $400 $300 Vietnam's Advertising Sector (2009) $200 $83.0 $100 $49.0 $2.0 $15.0 $0 Newspapers Television Magazines Radio Online Advertising The Vietnamese government wants to maintain editorial control but wean newspapers from state subsidies… …Can this equation work? To learn more: Financially Viable Media in Emerging and Developing Markets A 2011 WAN-IFRA Report The World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers (WAN-IFRA) http://www.wan-ifra.org