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Issues with Urban
Transport -- people and
freight data
David Gargett
Transport Research Leader, BITRE
Issues with Urban Transport
– Passenger and Freight Data
Two data (and modelling) types:
Aggregate
Detailed network
Four major data pictures to fill in:
Passenger and commercial (including freight) Tasks
Resulting traffic (versus capacity)
Resulting fuel use and emissions
Resulting congestion
Major Determinants of the
City Transport Task
• Passengers
“It’s population growth”
• Freight
“It’s the economy, Stupid”
Per capita transport generation
Per capita task (thousand pkm or tkm per person)
25
20
15
10
Passenger task - pkm per person 1950-2006
5
Freight task - tkm per person 1961-2006
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Per capita income (GDP/population) - thousand dollars (1999 prices)
35
40
45
Urban Public Transport Passengers: 1900 to 2005
900
800
millions/year
700
600
500
Sydney
Melbourne
400
Brisbane
300
200
100
0
City Mode Share 1977 to 2008 (est)
Total Passenger Task Melbourne
Issues with Urban Transport
– Passenger and Freight Data
Two data (and modelling) types:
Aggregate
Detailed network
Four major data pictures to fill in:
Passenger and commercial (including freight) Tasks
Resulting traffic (versus capacity)
Resulting fuel use and emissions
Resulting congestion
City Traffic Estimates and Projections
Traffic in Individual Cities
City Congestion Cost Estimates
Issues with Aggregate City Data
• Most data comes from the ABS Survey of Motor Vehicle
Use
• Due to budget cutbacks, the SMVU will not be repeated for
3 years
• Solutions:
– Modelling
– UPT data from authorities
– Vehicle use estimates from city fuel data
Detailed Network Data and Modelling
• Passenger Traffic
– Data from State surveys and ABS journey to work survey
– Models mostly 4-stage
– Results are light vehicle traffic simulations on the city network
• Freight Traffic
– Data (in Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane) from industry surveys
– Tonnage -> Trucks -> Traffic on routes
• Traffic count data
– New methods of computer processing to get accurate vehicle type
counts on road sections
Detailed Network Data and Modelling
• Issues
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–
–
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Cost = who pays?
Cost = do they pay regularly and consistently?
Cost = How much can we (should we) afford?
Cost = Is there a better (cheaper) way?
Output = What do we need in the way of data?
Output = How regularly?
Output = in what detail?
Analysis system = retaining/training key staff
Analysis system = sharing ways and means between cities
Our Cities
• Two out of every three Australians dwell in our capital cities
• The trends/issues around increasing congestion, oil
depletion and greenhouse emissions mean city transport is
involved in many of the issues facing us as a nation.
• But transport is also now more generally involved with the
quality of life of Australian city dwellers, making the issues
of data collection and model construction more important
than one might think