Download Cardiac Tonics

Antiseptics And Disinfectants
Neam and Curcuma
PH103.51
1
Department of Technical Education
Andhra Pradesh
Name
Designation
Branch
Institute
Year/Semester
Subject
Subject code
Topic
Duration
Sub Topic
Teaching Aids
: BVSN Murty
: Lecturer in Pharmacy
: PHARMACY
: Govt. Polytechnic for Women,
Srikakulam
: I Year
: Pharmacognosy
: PH-103
: Antiseptics And Disinfectants
: 50 Mts
: Neam and Curcuma
: PPT, Photographs
PH103.51
2
Objectives
On completion of this period you would be
able to learn about :
Definition of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
Monographs of NEEM and CURCUMA
PH103.51
3
Antiseptics and Disinfectants
Definition : Antiseptics are the chemical sterilizing
substances which are used to kill pathogenic
microbes or for prevention of their growth
• They are directly applied to tissues, to broken skin
after burns and wounds
• Disinfectants are the substances which are used for
destruct the bacteria and their spores and are not
directly applied to tissues due to their toxicity
PH103.51
4
Neem
Synonym
: Melia azadirachta
Biological sources : It consists of
leaves and other aerial parts of
Azadirachta indica.
Family
: Meliaceae.
Geographical source:
It is indigenous and widely grown in
India
Fig.51.1 Neem plant
It grows in various tropical and
subtropical regions
PH103.51
5
Neem
Description
Leaves : Imparipinnate
20-37 cm in length.
Dark Green to Greenish yellow
in colour & bitter in taste
Flowers : White scented 5 mm long
Fruits
: Drupe 1.2 to 1.8 cm long,
Oblong,1-seeded smooth
greenish yellow in colour
Bark
Fig.51.2 Neem leaves
: Rough, greyish to brownish in
colour.
PH103.51
6
Neem
Chemical constituents :
• The active ingredients are Azadirachtin, Salannin and
Meliantriol
• Neem leaves contain Nimbosterol and Quercetin
• Seeds contain Azadirachtin, Salanin, Meliantrol and
Meliacin.
• The trunk bark contains Nimbin, Nimbinin, Nimbidin,
Nimbosterol and a bitter principle called Margosine.
• Neem oil contains chiefly glycerides of Oleic (50%) and
Stearic (20%) acids.
PH103.51
7
Neem
Uses :
• Antiseptic and Insecticide
• Antifungal
• Antifertility and Antiviral properties
•
In treatment of AIDS
PH103.51
8
Curcuma (Turmeric)
Synonym : Indian saffron, Haldi
Biological source :
Turmeric consists of dried, as well as
fresh rhizomes of plant known as
Curcuma longa linn
Family
: Zingiberaceae.
Geographical source
:
• West Pakistan, India, Malaysia and
China
• In India Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu,
West Bengal, UP & Punjab
PH103.51
Fig.51.3 Turmeric
plant & Rhizome
9
Curcuma (Turmeric)
Organoleptic Characters
Colour:
• External – Yellowish to yellowish-brown
• Internal – Yellowish-orange to orange
Odour
:
Characteristic
Taste
Size
:
:
Slightly bitter
2 to 5 cm in length &1 to 2 cm in
thickness
Fig.51.4 Turmeric
Shape
:
Ovate or oblong
PH103.51
10
Curcuma (Turmeric)
Chemical Constituents:
• 5% volatile oil
• Resin
• Abundant Zingiberaceous starch grains
• Yellow colouring substances known as Curcuminoids
• Chief component of Curcuminoids is known as Curcumin.
PH103.51
11
Curcuma (Turmeric)
Chemical Constituents:
Turmeric oil contains
•
Turmerone
•
Zingiberene
•
Borneol
•
Caprylic acid
PH103.51
12
Curcuma (Turmeric)
Chemical Test :
1. Powdered drug + Sulphuric acid
Crimson colour
2. Aqueous solution of Turmeric + Boric acid
Reddish colour
On addition on alkali
Greenish Blue
PH103.51
13
Curcuma (Turmeric)
Uses :
• Antiseptic
• Expectorant
• Condiment or spice
• Colouring agent
• Used for detection of Boric acid
PH103.51
14
Summary
In this class we learnt about :
• Neem consists of leaves and other aerial parts of
Azadirachta indica.
• Neem used as Antiseptic and Insecticide
• Turmeric consists of dried, as well as, fresh rhizomes of
Plant known as Curcuma longa linn
• Trumeric used as Antiseptic, Expectorant, Condiment or
spice
PH103.51
15
Quiz
1. Neem belongs to
a. Leguminosae
b. Meliaceae
c. Solanaceae
d. Graminae
PH103.51
16
Quiz
2. Turmeric belongs to
a. Leguminosae
b. Meliaceae
c. Zingiberaceae
d. Graminae
PH103.51
17
Quiz
3. Turmeric is used as
a. Antiseptic
b. Expectorant
c. Colouring agent
d. All of the above
PH103.51
18
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Write the Biological Source and Uses of Neem
2. Give the list of Chemical Constituents and Uses of
Turmeric
3. Give the list of Chemical constituents of Neem
PH103.50
19