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Characteristics of Life Respond to Environment React to changes in their surroundings •Run from a predator •Leaves and stems grow towards the light •Mosquito follows carbon dioxide to find you to bite Materials and Energy Take in materials and energy to survive •Plants use light energy and make food •Animals eat food to get energy • Fungus digest dead material to get energy Universal Genetic Code All organisms have DNA to pass on information from one generation to the next •Flies produce flies •Spiders produce spiders •Dandelion seeds produce dandelions Change over time A group or population changes over time as environment changes •Cactus survive in the desert because they have become adapted to heat and dryness Cells Living things are made of small units called cells •Some organisms are made of a single cell •Some organisms are made of many cells •Plants, Animals, and Fungi are multicellular Reproduction Living things reproduce •Maple trees and cows reproduce sexually •Hydra and sponges reproduce asexually Growth and Development Living things go through stages and cycles, changing, until they reach maturity, then they die •Humans start out as 2 individual cells become a fetus are born as infants become toddlers then considered a child adolescence young adult middle age senior death Homeostasis Process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment • when hot, people sweat or turn pink • when cold, people turn blue (blood goes to heart, lung, brains) • Fainting: people fall down to reestablish enough blood flow to the brain