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Download Chapters 23 - 26 - Plant Kingdom
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An Introduction to Plants General Characteristics of Plants Hold up the correct number using your fingers that corresponds with the correct answer 1 = Prokaryotic 2 = Eukaryotic 1 = Unicellular 2 = Multicellular 1 = Sexual 2 = Asexual 3 = Both General Characteristics of Plants Plant cells are similar, but also different to animal cells Turn to your partner and… Give three ways plant cells are different from animal cells Cell Wall Chloroplasts Large Vacuole Plant Adaptations for Land In order for plants to be successful on land, they needed to find a way to effectively Obtain water & nutrients Prevent water loss (maintain homeostasis) Reproduce Plant Adaptations for Land Today you will work with a partner to investigate The cells of plants How they obtain nutrients How they prevent water loss How they reproduce You will also investigate how plants are used for food and for nonfood purposes The Plant Cell 1. Elodea Plant Cell Create a wet mount slide of Elodea Observe, draw, and label what you see on medium or high power When you’re done, rinse off your slide & cover slip and place it back on the paper towel up front What cell organelles should you see and label? Cell Wall Cell Membrane Chloroplasts Plants – Specific Characteristics 2. Investigating Plant Characteristics Using your textbooks, you will investigate with your partner the specific characteristics of different kinds of plants (ex: reproduction, absorbing nutrients) 3. Plants used as food and non food purposes Use your textbooks as your main source for this section If there is extra time, use the laptops to research how we use plants for nonfood purposes Whiteboard Quick Questions What is the difference between vascular and nonvascular plants? Nonvascular – transports materials through osmosis and diffusion Vascular – system of xylem & phloem to transport materials Whiteboard Quick Questions Why were seeds and flowers a huge advantage for plants adapting and surviving on land? Plants can efficiently reproduce thanks to ways of seed dispersal and pollination Whiteboard Quick Questions The stomata and guard cells on a plant work together to efficiently prevent…. Water loss Whiteboard Quick Questions A stomate in the lower surface of the leaf has a function most similar to the function of which cell structure? (1) cell membrane (2) vacuole (3) ribosome (4) nucleus Whiteboard Quick Questions If only one type of tree is planted in an abandoned field, the ecosystem will (1)evolve quickly and become extinct (2) be unable to reach dynamic equilibrium (3) contain little genetic variability (4) be unable to cycle materials Whiteboard Quick Questions Buffalo grass is a species of plant found on the grazing prairies of Wyoming. It is a tough grass that has silicates (compounds containing oxygen and silicon) that reinforce its leaves. For hundreds of years, this grass has survived in an adverse environment. Which statement best explains the presence of this grass today? (1) There are no variations in this grass species that help it to survive in an adverse environment. (2) Silicates are necessary for photosynthesis. (3) The current species has no mutations. (4) The silicates in the grass have given the species an advantage in its environment. Whiteboard Quick Questions Besides plants giving us oxygen, consider a life without plants…. What would people do without plants for food and non food purposes? Plant Reproduction How Do Plants Reproduce? Plant Reproduction What is everything you already know about how plants reproduce asexually and/or sexually? With your partner, write down in the box in your notes all the information you already know about reproduction in plants. Two Ways Plants can reproduce in two ways 1. Asexual Reproduction 2. Sexual reproduction Asexual Reproduction Vegetative reproduction or “propagation” Do not need reproductive parts can use roots, stem, or leaves (ex: stem cutting) Can occur rapidly Think – Pair – Share Are the offspring from vegetative reproduction genetically the same or different? Sexual Reproduction Flowers are the reproductive organs of plants Observe the flower to the right. With your partner determine which are the female and male reproductive parts Male Reproductive Parts Female Parts (pistil) Male Reproductive Parts Male Parts The Stamen consists of the anther The anther produces pollen that is used to fertilize the plant (acts as “sperm”) Female Reproductive Parts Female Parts We call the “carpel” the pistil The stigma is sticky and receives the pollen The pollen goes down a tube to fertilize the ovary (like the egg) Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the Click to view the animation anther to the stigma • This is an example of cross-pollination as the pollen travels from one flower to a different flower. This is desirable in plants as it promotes variation. Flower Structure Pollination Fertilisation Seed Dispersal Germination Test Seeds & Fruit After fertilization the ovary ripens into a fruit The fruit produces seeds The Seed The seed germinates = embryo grows into new plant Cotyledon: Food Source Embryo Flower Structure Pollination Fruit Development Seed Dispersal Germination Test Seed Grows Seed Dispersal Wind – By “flight”, like parachutes, wings, etc. Ex. Dandelion Animal- Fruits which animals eat, drop undigested seeds in feces or burrs which stick to animals’ coats Pollination Flowers are designed to lure insects to help with the pollination process through bright colors, shapes, nector, and odor • Also: 1. Wind 2. Animals 3. Birds 4. People Plant Pigment Chromatography What is paper chromatography? **Chromatography is the separation and identification of substances in a mixture Plant Pigment Chromatography Plant Pigment Chromatography Today you will perform a lab in which you will use paper chromatography to separate and identify the pigments in a spinach leaf Plant Pigment Chromatography Since paper chromatography takes time, while you wait for your chromatography to finish, you will research information about vascular plants Plant Pigment Chromatography