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WHAT ARE
ANGIOSPERMS?
1. Vascular Plants
2. Produce Flowers
3. Develop seeds in fruits which help
protect embryos
TWO CLASSES OF
ANGIOSPERMS:
1. Monocots
2. Dicots
Monocots:
1. One seed leaf
2. Includes: Grasses, Orchids, Lilies, and
Palms
3. Contains Parallel veins in leaves
4. Flower parts exist in multiples of three
Dicots
• Two seed leaves
• Most are flowering plants
• Includes: Shrubs, trees, wildflowers, garden
flowers, herbs
• Leaves contain netted veins
• Flower parts exist in multiples of four or five
COMPARISON OF MONOCOTS AND DICOTS
COMPARISON OF MONOCOTS AND DICOTS
LIFE SPAN OF ANGIOSPERMS
Can either be classified as:
1. Annuals
2. Perennials
Annuals – Live only one growing season
- Examples: Many garden plants (marigolds,
petunias, pansies, and zinnias), wheat, and
cucumbers.
LIFE SPAN OF ANGIOSPERMS
Perennials – Live for more than two years.
-Examples: Palm trees, sagebrush, maple trees,
honeysuckles, asparagus, many grasses
GENERAL VASCULAR TISSUE
TERMS
Xylem - Tubes that
transport water and
minerals
Phloem – Tubes that
transport food
Cambium - Growth tissue
that makes more xylem
and phloem
ROOT STRUCTURES OF
ANGIOSPERMS
Two Types of Root
Systems:
1. Taproot System- Large
central roots (most dicots)
2. Fibrous Root System –
Highly branched (most
monocots)
MORE ABOUT
ROOTS
Root Hairs - Increase
surface area for absorption
(tiny little hairs).
Root Cap - Covers tip of
root and protects it.
Meristem – Growth area
just behind the root tip.
COMPARING
MONOCOT AND
DICOT ROOT
STRUCTURES
MORE ABOUT STEMS
Two Kinds of Stems:
1. Herbacous - Flexible
2. Woody – Rigid
- Have growth rings of vascular
tissue that determine the age of
the plant
MORE ABOUT
Simple LEAVES
Leaves – One leaf blade attached to stem
Compound Leaves – Divided leaf blade attached
to stem
Petiole – Stalk that attaches leaf to stem
CROSS SECTION OF A TYPICAL
LEAF
The
bulk of most leaves consist of a specialized
ground tissue full of chloroplasts known as
MESOPHYLL. The mesophyll contains two
layers:
1. Palisade Layer – Closely packed tall columnar cells;
located under the upper epidermis and absorb light
that enters the leaf.
2. Spongy Layer – Loose tissue made of spherical cells
that contains many air spaces between its cells; the
the air spaces connect with the exterior through the
stomata (porelike openings that allow gases to enter
and leave the leaf ).
stomata
HOW MATERIALS MOVE THROUGH
VASCULAR TISSUE
• As water is lost by
transpiration (the evaporation
of water through leaves), it is
pulled upwards through the
xylem like a drinking straw.
• Sugars move by active
transport and osmosis
through the phloem from
the source to the sink
(place that stores or uses
sugars).