Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Key Idea #19 The water cycle is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. Earth’s hydrosphere includes all of the Earth's water, including surface water: – water in oceans, lakes, and rivers groundwater: – water in soil and beneath the Earth's surface snow cover, ice, and water/water vapor in the atmosphere Evaporation occurs when the sun heats up water in rivers, lakes, and oceans and turns it from liquid water to water vapor as it enters the atmosphere. sawater.com.au The water vapor (or steam changing to water vapor) leaves the river, lake, or ocean and goes into the air. The cooling temperatures in the upper atmosphere cause the water vapor to change state and condense as a liquid. sawater.com.au Transpiration occurs when plants absorb water from the soil and move it through the plant to all parts of the plant. Excess water leaves the plant through openings in the leaves. http://www.apm-realty.com/7as-artesian/images/Transpiration.jpg Condensation takes place high in the atmosphere resulting in cloud formation. Clouds form when water vapor rises and cools, collecting around particles of dust, smoke, or salt to form water droplets. Clouds grow by colliding and combining with other droplets in the atmosphere. As the droplets grow larger, they move faster and collect more small droplets. http://www.weatherquestions.com/Cloud_formation_convective.gif Types of Clouds http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_mtknt2zMG2g/S-mTd8b7uWI/AAAAAAAAAE8/UkNWBKydIO0/s1600/cloudtypes.gif&imgrefurl=http://samantha6weather.blogspot.com/&usg=__UlIpGD7wORsb2CtZnHSw3cp6Jys=&h=490&w=725&sz=68&hl=en&start=197&zoom=1&tbnid=ntMxw2WCd0G80M:&tbnh=99&tbnw=146&ei=zBu0TcO9Lo_BtgewkN3pDg&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dcloud%2Bformation%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den% 26sa%3DN%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D567%26tbm%3Disch0%2C5665&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=704&vpy=267&dur=125&hovh=184&hovw=273&tx=175&ty=113&page=14&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:11,s:197&biw=1020&bih=567 Condensation also takes place at ground level resulting in fog formation. Fog over land develops when warm, moist (humid) air comes in contact with the Earth’s colder surface and cools to the dew point. Fog over water develops when warm, moist (humid) air comes in contact with cooler, drier air and cools to the dew point. http://www.crh.noaa.gov/jkl/?n=fog_types FYI: The dew point temperature is the air temperature where the moisture in the air begins to condense or change from a vapor to a liquid. For precipitation to occur, cloud droplets or ice crystals must grow heavy enough to fall through the air. Photo taken while driving through a tornado warning in Tennessee. Runoff occurs when rain falls on saturated or impervious ground and flows downhill over the ground rather than soaking in. Infiltration occurs when precipitation remains in the shallow soil layer, then moves through the soil and subsurface. Eventually the water enters a stream by seepage or filters down to become groundwater. http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://myecoproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/water%2Bcycle.jpg&imgrefurl=http://myecoproject.org/get-involved/water-conservation/ways-to-conserve-water/&usg=__hSm44x7TysDmgEUqe3T9aFL6iA=&h=459&w=669&sz=85&hl=en&start=167&zoom=1&tbnid=f7KkMRVqeIe3bM:&tbnh=116&tbnw=155&ei=pRLDTcOeGYLgiAKUuWUAw&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dthe%2Bwater%2Bcycle%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1003%26bih%3D567%26site%3Dsearch%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=437&page=12&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:13,s:167&tx=74&ty=32 Groundwater Formation Rain soaks into the ground until it reaches layers of bedrock with cracks in it or clay that has tiny particles that are packed closely together. Groundwater fills the spaces between soil, rocks, and sand, creating an aquifer. The groundwater stays within the aquifers in the ground until it seeps out as a spring. it connects to rivers or lakes. people use it by digging wells. http://jnuenvis.nic.in/subject/freshwater/groundwater.htm Water Cycle Video (4 min) A watershed is the land area that is drained by a river. Streams and rivers that join another stream or river become a larger watershed. One watershed is divided from another watershed by a ridge or rise in the land. The Muskegon River Watershed Michigan Watersheds