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NOTES 4-2 SUCCESSION What’s Ecological Succession? Ecosystems are constantly changing in response to natural and human disturbances. New communities of organisms gradually replace existing ones. First Type of Succession Primary succession --- The series of changes that occur in an area where no ecosystem existed. Example --- a new island that has formed by the eruption of an undersea volcano. Pioneer species --- first species to populate the area. These are often mosses and lichens. Then the rest follows. Second Type of Succession Secondary Succession --- Series of changes that occur after a disturbance in an existing ecosystem that didn’t destroy the soil. Examples of disturbance --- floods, fires, hurricanes, tornados, etc. Example --- an abandoned farm land.