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How Species Interact with Each Other Chapter 8; Section 2 Niche • Role (job) of a specie within an ecosystem. • A specie’s environment and all of its interactions with other organisms. Symbiosis • There are 5 major types. • Symbiosis is when two species interact with each other. 1. Competition • Different individuals or populations try to use the same resource (niche). • Different species = overlapping niche • Can be Indirect Competition Niche Restrictions –Each specie uses less space than it can 2. Predation • Predator – feeds on another animal • Prey – animal that is eaten • Can lead to adaptation – Mimicry – Porcupine quills – camouflage 3. Parasitism • Parasite lives in or on another organism AND feeds on it. • Host is weakened • Ticks, fleas, tapeworms 4. Mutualism • Each specie provides a benefit to the other • Bacteria in your intestines • Lichen (algae & fungi) 5. Commensalism • One specie is benefited and other is neither harmed nor helped • Birds nesting in a tree • Orchids growing on a tree Symbiosis & Coevolution • Coevolution occurs when two species live closely together (symbiosis) and evolve because of their interactions with each other. • Flowers and their pollinators • Cheetah and Gazelle Make a chart Interaction Competition Predation Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism Specie A Specie B Does it benefit or is it harmed? Does it benefit or is it harmed? Example