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Biodiversity
Ch 3.5
Ecology and Environment
Vocabulary
Biodiversity
Keystone species
Threatened species
Vocabulary
Habitat destruction
Habitat fragmentation
Poaching
Captive breeding
What is biodiversity’s value?
• Economic value
• Ecological value
Economic Value
• Plants, animals and other organisms used in:
– Food
– Clothing
– Medicine
– Other products
• Ecosystems important for tourism
Ecological Value
• Species depend on one another for a balanced
ecosystem
• Keystone species – species which many other
species in an ecosystem depend upon for
survival
What factors affect biodiversity?
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Climate
Area
Niche
Diversity
Genetic diversity
Extinction
Climate
• Tropical rainforests
– Constant temps
– Large amounts of rainfall
• Always vegetation and
food
• Means there are more
species
Area
• Larger areas have more species than smaller
ones
Niche
• An ecosystem that can support more roles or
niches has more biodiversity
• Example: coral reefs
Genetic Diversity
• Species with larger gene pools are more likely
to survive and adapts
Extinction
• Disappearance of all members of a species
Endangered species – species that is in danger
of becoming extinct in the near future
Threatened species – species that is in danger of
becoming endangered in the near future
Golden toad - extinct
Giant panda endangered
Threatened species
– polar bear
How do humans affect biodiversity?
• Negatively or positively!
• Examples?
Negative Impacts
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Habitat Destruction
Habitat fragmentation
Poaching
Pollution
Introduction of exotic species
Positive Impacts
• Captive Breeding
• Laws and Treaties
• Habitat Preservation