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Human Impact on the Environment Term used to refer to a species that has died out extinct If a pesticide was passing through this food chain, which organism would have the greatest concentration of pesticide? Bird at the top trophic level A necessity of life (resource) which can NOT be replenished by natural means; Ex: fossil fuels Non-renewable resource Wearing away of the surface soil by water and wind erosion Farming strategy in which large fields are planted with a single crop variety year after year monoculture a necessity of life (resource) which can regenerate quickly and that is replaceable; Ex: trees, water Renewable resource Increasing concentration a harmful substance in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or web Biological magnification Name the pesticide that concentrated in fish-eating birds like eagles and caused them to lay eggs with fragile shells DDT A mixture of chemicals (smoke + fog) that occurs as a gray-brown haze in the atmosphere smog Harmful material that can enter the biosphere through land, water, or air pollutant the sum total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere; It is a measure of the health of an ecosystem biodiversity term used to refer to a species that is at risk of becoming endangered threatened a species whose population size is rapidly declining and will become extinct if the trend continues without intervention endangered increasing concentration a harmful substance in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or web Biological magnification Plants or animals that have migrated or been introduced into places where they are not native and for which there are no natural predators or parasites to control their population Invasive species The wise management of natural resources, including the preservation of habitats and wildlife conservation Atmospheric layer in which ozone (03) gas is relatively concentrated which protects us from the sun’s ultra-violet radiation Ozone layer Rain containing nitric and sulfuric acids caused by burning fossil fuels Acid rain Increase in the average temperatures of the Earth Global warming Fuels such as oil, coal, or natural gas produced by the decay of dead organic matter that cause many environmental problems such as global warming and acid rain Fossil fuels Illegal hunting of animals poaching Zebra mussels and leafy spurge in South Dakota and rabbits in Australia are examples of what environmental problem Invasive species Governmental body whose job it is to monitor and enforce environmental regulations, provide education on environmental issues, conduct environmental research, and provide funding for environmental programs Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment ecology All the organisms that live in a place together with their nonliving or physical environment ecosystem an immediate increase in the amount of algae and other producers that results from the addition of a large amount of limiting nutrient Algal bloom Name an environmental problem caused by burning fossil fuels Acid rain Global warming Air pollution/smog Habitat destruction Healthy ecosystems have a high ________ level of biodiversity. low high Tell something humans do that endangers species and reduces biodiversity Over hunting, poaching, habitat destruction, habitat fragmentation, industrial growth, ag runoff, burning fossil fuels (leads to global warming & acid rain); CFC’s, deforestation, air & water pollution. . . . During the late 1950’s-early 1960’s people living near Minamata Bay, Japan became ill with a crippling neurological disease, later discovered to be caused by mercury being dumped into the ecosystem there. The toxin passed along the food chain and people became ill from eating fish caught in the bay. This is an example of which concept you learned about? Biological magnification Pollutants concentrate in the highest trophic levels (in this case… humans) Tell something we can do to help reduce global warming Reduce use of fossil fuels (anything that uses less electricity or less water would help) Drive less increase fuel efficiency on cars National energy policy that emphasizes and encourages use of alternative energy Recycle Reduce deforestation there are more. . . How does deforestation impact global warming? Trees remove CO2 from atmosphere during photosynthesis; fewer trees means less CO2 is removed … more global warming Name 3 “goods and services” provided to humans by the biosphere Solar energy Oxygen production Nutrient storage/cycling Climate regulation food production Human/industrial waste detoxification Natural pest/disease control Source of new medicines Source of raw materials for building stuff Air/water purification erosion/runoff management . . . . there are more What does EPA stand for? Environmental Protection Agency Which of the following are caused by burning fossil fuels? All EXCEPT acid rain global warming ozone depletion are caused by ozone depletion burning fossil fuels smog