* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download No Slide Title
Survey
Document related concepts
Extinction debt wikipedia , lookup
Renewable resource wikipedia , lookup
Restoration ecology wikipedia , lookup
Wildlife crossing wikipedia , lookup
Biodiversity action plan wikipedia , lookup
Lake ecosystem wikipedia , lookup
Wildlife corridor wikipedia , lookup
Source–sink dynamics wikipedia , lookup
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project wikipedia , lookup
Mission blue butterfly habitat conservation wikipedia , lookup
Reconciliation ecology wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
HUMAN IMPACTS: LAND USE As the human population grows, we require more resources to make the things we need or want. More land is needed to grow food, to build roads and factories, and even to provide parks and recreation areas. A. Habitat Loss Definition: The loss of natural areas and habitats due to human development. A. Habitat Loss Cause: As the human population increases, our use of land decreases the space and resources available for other species. Deforestation is the burning or cutting of forests for human uses. This results in widespread habitat destruction. A. Habitat Loss Effect: Loss of biodiversity: increase predation decreased dispersal loss of ‘core’ habitat, increase in ‘edge’ A. Habitat Loss Solution: Protection of wild land Wise land use B. Habitat Fragmentation Definition: Sectioning or breaking up a natural landscape into smaller pieces. This reduces habitat sizes and isolates small sections of habitat. B. Habitat Fragmentation Definition: Habitat fragmentation disrupts the ecosystem and the ability of animals to move through natural areas (for food or shelter). B. Habitat Fragmentation Cause: Building of roads Other development Effect : Loss of biodiversity Solution: Better land planning. Habitat corridors. C. Habitat Degradation Definition: A decrease in the quality of habitats due to poor land-use. C. Habitat Degradation 1. Thermal (heat) pollution: Cause Effect Solution When industries or power plants use water to cool their machines, they release their warmed water into a river or lake. Because warm water does not hold as much dissolved oxygen as cold water, the oxygen level in the lake drops and species may suffocate. Regulate emissions of heat. C. Habitat Degradation 2. Sewage and fertilizers: Cause: Sewage, animal wastes, and agricultural fertilizers add extra nutrients to streams, lakes, and ponds. C. Habitat Degradation 2. Sewage and fertilizers: Effect: Too many nutrients cause algal blooms (explosive growth of algae) on the surface of the water (called eutrophication). Less sunlight penetrates, organisms die, the numbers of decomposers increase which use oxygen (for respiration), less oxygen is available for other organisms (fish die too). eutrophication is water pollution caused by excessive plant nutrients. C. Habitat Degradation 2. Sewage and fertilizers: Solution: Living “buffers” along streams Better land planning C. Habitat Degradation 2. Chemicals Cause: Overuse use of powerful chemicals. Leads to resistant pests! C. Habitat Degradation 2. Chemicals Effects: Industrial processes add detergents, heavy metals, industrial chemicals to their local environment. Chemicals such as pesticides & herbicides are used to control agricultural pests. These runoff into lakes and rivers and contaminate the soil and water. C. Habitat Degradation 2. Chemicals Effects: Biomagnification is the increase in the concentration of a substance (poison) in living tissue as you move up the food chain. DDT in the food chain was responsible for a decline of bald eagle populations. C. Habitat Degradation 2. Chemicals Solutions: Ban DDT (1972) Regulate emissions Switch to biological control